留守儿童校园欺凌特征及其与亲子分离经历的关系

目的 探究留守儿童校园欺凌特征及其与亲子分离经历的关联，为留守儿童校园欺凌的防控工作提供理论依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样法，抽取上饶市4 945名7～18岁儿童完成中文版校园欺凌经历量表(C-SBEQ)测查，比较留守与非留守儿童校园欺凌的差异。使用自编问卷获取其中1 791名留守儿童的亲子分离信息，采用二分类Logistic回归分析亲子分离经历对留守儿童校园欺凌的影响。结果 留守儿童的校园欺凌、受欺凌和欺凌他人的检出率分别为21.3%,18.3%和3.0%,均高于非留守儿童(15.4%,12.7%和2.7%)。不同学段留守儿童受欺凌检出率差异有统计学意义(χ²=9.82,P<0.05),由高到低依次为小学(21.4%)、初中(18.9%)、高中(14.7%);在留守儿童欺凌他人检出率上，男生(4.8%)高于女生(1.0%)(χ²=14.69,P<0.05)。在曾留守(有留守经历)儿童中，分离时年龄<7岁组的受欺凌检出率(20.3%)高于分离时年龄≥7岁组(13.4%)(χ²=4.79,P=0.03)...

Relationship between characteristics of school bullying of left-behind children and its relationship with parent-child separation

  Objective  To analyze the relationship between school bullying and parent-child separation of left-behind children, and to provide a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling school bullying of left-behind children.  Methods  A total of 4 945 children aged 7 to 18 in Shangrao City were selected by stratified cluster random sampling to complete the Chinese version of the School Bullying Experience Questionnaire(C-SBEQ), and the differences of school bullying between left-behind and non-left-behind children were compared. The parent-child separation data of 1 791 left-behind children was obtained by self-designed questionnaire, and the influence of parent-child separation characteristics on school bullying of left-behind children was analyzed by binary Logistic regression.  Results  The rates of school bullying, bully victimization and perpetration of left-behind children were 21.3%, 18.3% and 3.0% respectively, which were higher than those of non-left-behind children(15.4%, 12.7%, 2.7%). And there were statistical significance in the detection rates of school bullying among left-behind children in different schooling stages(χ2=9.82, P < 0.05), the detection rates ranked as follows: 21.4% in primary school, 18.9% in junior high school and 14.7% in senior high school. The rate of bullying perpetration among left-behind children was significantly higher in boys (4.8%) than in girls (1.0%)(χ2=14.69, P < 0.05). The rate bully victimization among former left-behind children (children with left-behind experience) in the younger than 7 years group (20.3%) was higher than that in the older than 7 years group(13.4%)(χ2=4.79, P=0.03). There was no significant differences in the detection rate of bullying perpetration among the left behind children with different parent-child separation experiences (P>0.05). Control schooling stages, Logistic regression analysis showed that taking former school-age left-behind children as reference, bully victimization risk of former pre-school left-behind children was 1.64 times(OR=1.64, 95%CI=1.04-2.59, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  School bullying of left-behind children is more severce than that of non-left-behind children. Early occurrence of parent-child separation is associated with higher risk of bullying victimization among left-behind children.