海南省2014—2020年常住居民死因监测结果分析

目的 了解海南省2014—2020年常住居民的死因概况,分析其死亡原因,为健康海南相关政策的制订提供科学依据。 方法 采用海南省人口死亡信息登记管理系统上报数据,获取海南省2014—2020年常住居民死亡信息,应用Excel 2010及SPSS 26.0软件对粗死亡率、标化死亡率、死因顺位、构成比等指标进行相关统计分析;以2010年全国第六次人口普查数据计算标化死亡率。 结果 2014—2020年海南省年均常住人口为917.53万人,8个监测点每个点年均常住居民为29.71万人,累计报告死亡83 878人,年均总死亡率为504.09/10万,标化死亡率为618.69/10万;其中男性标化死亡率为806.18/10万,女性标化死亡率为444.36/10万,男女标化死亡率差异有统计学意义（P<0.01)。各年龄组死亡率显示,0~<1 岁组的粗死亡率随着时间的推移,总体呈下降趋势,且粗死亡率明显高于儿童其他年龄组;从20岁开始,随着年龄的增长,居民粗死亡率总体不断上升;65岁及以后,粗死亡率增长十分迅速,特别是85岁以后,粗死亡率达到最高值。死因顺位前三位依次为循环系统疾病、肿瘤和呼吸系统疾病。从死因死亡率来看,2014—2020年循环系统疾病和肿瘤的死亡率均大于100/10万,这两种死因为死亡的主要原因。结果 慢性非传染性疾病依然是海南省常住居民的首位死亡原因,有针对性的开展慢性非传染性疾病的干预和治疗有利于降低其死亡率。

Analysis of the monitoring results of death causes of permanent residents in Hainan, 2014-2020

Objective To understand the general situation of death causes of permanent residents in Hainan Province from 2014 to 2020, analyze the causes of death, and provide scientific basis for the formulation of policies related to healthy Hainan. Methods The Hainan Provincial Population Death Information Registration and Management System was used to report data, and the death information of permanent residents in Hainan Province from 2014 to 2020 was obtained. Excel 2010 and SPSS 26.0 software were applied to perform statistical analysis related to the indicators including crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, ranking of causes of death, and composition ratio; the standardized mortality rate was calculated based on the data of the 2010 National Census Data. Results From 2014 to 2020, the average annual resident population of Hainan Province was 9 175 300, and average annual resident population at each of the eight monitoringp oints is 297 100, anaverage of 83 878 cumulative deaths were reported, the annual total mortality rate was 504.09/100 000, the standard mortality rate was 618.69/100 000. The standardized mortality rates of male and female were 806.18/100 000 and 444.36/100 000 respectively (P<0.01). The mortality rate of all age groups showed that the crude mortality rate of 0~<1 years old group showed a decreasing trend with the passage of time, and the crude mortality rate was significantly higher than that of other age groups. From the age of 20, with the increase of age, the overall crude mortality rate of residents keeps increasing. The crude death rate increases rapidly after the age of 65, and peaks especially after the age of 85. The leading causes of death were circulatory diseases, tumors and respiratory diseases. From 2014 to 2020, the mortality rate of circulatory diseases and tumors, the two main causes of death, was more than 100/100 000. Conclusion Chronic non-communicable diseases are still the first cause of death among permanent residents in Hainan Province. Targeted intervention and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases is beneficial to reduce their mortality.