切开修补治疗肩袖撕裂的中远期随访

目的 对切开行肩袖修补术的肩袖撕裂患者行中远期随访,分析术前、术中因素对手术疗效的影响.方法 回顾性研究1987年5月至2002年10月在北京医院骨科进行切开手术修补撕裂肩袖的43例患者(44肩).男20例(21肩),女23例(23肩);手术时平均年龄53岁(22～76岁).13肩为小型撕裂(＜1 cm),18肩为中型撕裂(1～3 cm),10肩为大型撕裂(3～5 cm),3肩为巨大型撕裂(＞5 cm).撕裂累及冈上肌31肩,累及冈上肌和冈下肌9肩,累及冈上肌和肩胛下肌3肩,累及冈上肌、冈下肌和肩胛下肌1肩.以Mclaughlin术(肌腱-骨)修补25肩,以肌腱-骨联合肌腱-肌腱缝合法修补11肩,以肌腱-肌腱缝合法修补7肩,三角肌深部肌腱转位术(高岸式)修补1肩.术后平均随访88.2个月(52～250个月),以美国加州大学洛杉矶分校(University of California at Los Angeles,UCLA)功能评分评价患者手术前后的肩关节功能,以视觉模拟评分系统(visual analogue scale,VAS)分析患者对手术效果的主观评价.对患者的年龄、性别、优势手、外伤史、手术前病程和肩袖撕裂大小等因素对预后的影响行统计学分析.结果 44肩UCLA评分术前平均为(11.5±2.8)分,末次随访时平均为(29.7±5.3)分.36肩得分＞28分,达到优或良;6肩为可;2肩得分＜20分,评定为差.患者对39肩的手术疗效满意,主观满意率89%.患者主观满意度与UCLA评分呈显著正相关(r=0.72,P＜0.01).肩袖撕裂的大小(r=-0.404,P=0.007)、术前病程(r=-0.332,P=0.028)与术后结果呈负相关,即肩袖撕裂范围越大、术前病程越长,手术疗效就越差.而手术患者的年龄、性别、优势手、外伤史与手术的预后无关.结论 切开修补治疗肩袖全层撕裂能获得满意的中远期疗效,肩袖的撕裂大小、术前病程与术后结果呈负相关.

A middle or long-term follow-up study on surgical repair of rotator cuff tears

Objective To evaluate the result of open rotator cuff repair and to identify potential preoperative or intraoperative factors that could affect the outcome.Methods 43 cases(44 shoulders)with rotator cuff tear who undergone open repair surgery between May 1987 and October 2002 were retrospectively studied.There were 31 shoulders ruptured in supraspinatus, 9 shoulders in supraspinatus and infraspinatus,3 shoulders in supraspinatus and subscapulafis and 1 in supraspinatus, infraspinatus and subscapularis.And there were 13 shoulders torn with small size, 18 shoulders with middle size, 10 shoulders with large size and 3 shoulders with massive size.Ruptured rotator cuff was repaired with tendon to bone suture in 25 shoulders,with tendon to tendon suture in 7 shoulders, and combined suture in 11 shoulders.One shoulder was repaired by deltoid transfer.After an average 88.2-month-long follow-up(from 52 to 250 months),we evaluate the postoperative shoulder function with University of California at Los Angeles(UCLA)score.The patient's subject satisfaction was assayed by visual analogue scale (VAS).The risk factors as age, sex,dominant side, trauma history,preoperative duration and tear size were analyzed.Results The average UCLA score was 11.5±2.8 preoperatively and 29.7±5.3 at follow-up, with 36 shoulders reaching excellent or good and 2 shoulders ranking poor.According to VAS,the subject satisfaction rate was as high as 89%,being positively related to UCLA score significantly(r=0.72,P＜0.01).Preoperative duration(r=-0.332,P=0.028)and tear size(r=-0.404,P=-0.007)was negatively relative with surgical results.Age,sex,dominant side,trauma history had no effect on prognosis.Conclusion Open rotator cuff repair could acquire satisfying outcome.Preoperative duration and tear size was negatively relative with surgical results.