龚氏记忆成套测验(儿童本)的初步编制

目的 :以当代认知心理学和认知神经科学关于人类记忆的重要研究成果为指导 ,编制一种用于记忆评估的成套测验并在儿童样本中初步试用。方法 :龚氏记忆成套测验由 10个分测验构成 ,分别涉及听觉和视觉即时记忆 ,听觉和视觉延时记忆以及工作记忆等方面的内容。研究样本取自湖南长沙市和湖南沅江市在校学生 ,总计 2 85人 (男 137人 ,女 14 8人 ) ,年龄 7～ 15岁 ,平均年龄 11.11± 2 .38岁。结果 :(1)项目分析显示 ,各分测验的平均难度指数为 0 .5 6 ,平均鉴别指数为 0 .35。 (2 )各分测验的重测相关系数为 0 .6 5～ 0 .97;除图片记忆分测验外 ,其余各分测验的分半相关系数 ,Cronbachα系数及概化系数均在 0 .80左右。 (3)探索性因素分析提取出 4个特征根大于 1的因子 ,4因子累计解释变异的 77.5 2 %。 (4)本测验与WMS -RC的理解记忆、视觉再生、背数 3个分测验相关较高 ,与WMS -RC的联想学习分测验有低至中度相关 ,与WMS -RC图片回忆分测验相关较低。 (5 )所有记忆指数及大多数分测验成绩与语文、数学成绩呈显著正相关 ,其中 ,听觉记忆成绩与语文成绩的相关高于与数学成绩的相关 ,视觉记忆成绩及工作记忆与数学成绩的相关高于与语文成绩的相关。结论 :龚氏记忆成套测验的项目难度和区分度符合心理测量学要

Development of the Memory Assessment Battery for Children

Objective:To develop a new instrument for assessing children's memory abilities, the Memory Assessment Battery for Children (MABC). Methods: The MABC was developed within an information processing and multiple memory systems framework, and contains 4 verbal, 4 visual, and 2 span subtests. The assessment procedures included multiple learning trials ,delayed-retention tests, free recall vs recognition retrieval , and both visual and verbal materials. 285 subjects aged from 7 to 15 years old were sampled from 4 urban schools and 4 rural schools . Results: 1.The average difficulty index for the subtests was 0.56, and the average discrimination indexes was 0.35. 2. The test-retest stability coefficients ranged from 0.65 to 0.97 for the subtest scores, and the split-half coefficients, Cronbach a coefficients, and the generalizability coefficients for the subtest scores ranged from 0.67 to 0.89, 0.70 to 0.91, and 0.71 to 0.99, respectively. 3.Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a four-factor solution. 4. The subtest and index scores of the MABC showed moderate to high correlations to the Comprehension Memory , Visual Reproduction , and Digit Span subtests , and moderate to low correlations to the Verbal Paired Learning, Picture Recall, and Figure Recognition subtests of the WMS-RC.5. Most of the subtest and index scores showed significant correlations to the scholastic performance, with the Chinese performance showed slightly higher correlations to auditory memory, and mathematical performance showed higher correlation to visual memory and working memory performance. Conclusion: The Memory Assessment Battery for Children had psychometrically acceptable reliabilities, and the construct and criterion-related validity of the battery were supported in the present study.