快速诊断单纯疱疹病毒脑炎

目的探讨快速诊断单纯疱疹病毒脑炎（ＨＳＥ），比较不同病毒学试验的诊断价值。方法用聚合酶链反应技术检测１７７例急性脑炎患儿的脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）标本中单纯疱疹病毒（ＨＳＶ）特异性ＤＮＡ；用酶联免疫吸附方法检测ＣＳＦ和血清标本中ＨＳＶ特异性ＩｇＭ和ＩｇＧ抗体。结果ＣＳＦ中ＨＳＶ特异性ＤＮＡ、ＩｇＭ和ＩｇＧ抗体阳性率分别为１．７％（３／１７７）、１０％（１／１００）和４７０％（４７／１００），血清ＨＳＶＩｇＭ、ＩｇＧ抗体阳性率分别为１２．５％（６／４８）、７２．９％（５１／７０）（因为标本量不足或缺如，未能对全部病例进行抗体检测）；３例患儿确诊为ＨＳＥ。结论用套式ＰＣＲ检测ＣＳＦ诊断ＨＳＥ较敏感、特异。

Rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex virus encephalitis

Objective To evaluate different virological diagnostic tests in rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)techniques, including nested PCR were used to detect herpes simplex virus (HSV) specific DNA in cerebrospinal fluid of 177 children with acute encephalitis; enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were applied to detect HSV specific IgM and IgG antibodies in CSF and serum specimens. Results HSV DNA, specific IgM and IgG class antibodies to HSV were positive in 1.7%(3/177), 1.0%(1/100) and 47.0%(47/100) cases, respectively; serum IgM and IgG antibodies to HSV were positive in 12.5%(6/48) and 72.9%(51/70) cases, respectively. (Because of inadequacy or absence of CSF or serum specimens in certain cases, the antibody detection could not be performed for every case involved in this study.) Three cases were confirmed as HSE patients. Conclusion The nested PCR technique for detection of HSV DNA in CSF was relatively sensitive and specific.