中青年与老年脑梗死的临床和CT、MRI对比研究

目的：分析中青年和老年脑梗死（CI）的危险因素、临床特征和CT、MRI特点。方法：112例成人脑梗死按年龄分为中青年CI组（〈60岁）和老年CI组（≥60岁）,并对比分析其危险因素、临床特征和CT、MRI改变。结果：两组性别年龄比较：中青年CI组48例,以男性（72.92%）和45～59岁年龄段患者（85.42%）为主;老年CI组64例,以男性（73.44%）和60～79岁年龄段患者（87.50%）为主。两组危险因素比较：中青年CI组以吸烟和生活不规律为主（P〈0.05～0.01）,老年CI组以高血压病、高脂血症、糖尿病、冠心病为主（P〈0.05～0.01）。两组临床特征比较：中青年CI组主要是活动中发病和进展性卒中更多见（P〈0.05）;老年CI组主要是静态下发病、完全性卒中、意识障碍、精神症状和痴呆更多见（P〈0.05～0.01）。两组CT与MRI特点比较：MRI检出两组的腔隙性脑梗死病例均显著高于CT（P〈0.05～0.01）,而MRI检出两组的非腔隙性脑梗死病例与CT比较均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：中青年和老年CI在危险因素、临床特征和CT、MRI改变等方面既有相同又有不同的特点,正确认识并及早采取有效的干预措施,是改善其预后的关键。

Comparative Study on Clinical Features and CT,MRI Results Between the Young, Middle-aged and the Elderly Patients with Cerebral Infarction

Objective：To analyze the risk factors and clinical features and CT,MRI results between the young,middle-aged and the elderly patients with cerebral infarction（CI）.Methods：112 adult patients with CI were divided into the young,middle-aged CI group （60 years） and the elderly CI group （≥60 years）,and the risk factors,clinical features and CT,MRI results were studied and compared between the two groups.Results：Demographic characteristics of the two groups：48 cases,in the young,middle-aged CI group,most of them are male patients （72.92%） and the main age range of patients was 45 to 59 years old （87.50%）;64 cases,in the elderly CI group,most of them are male patients （73.44%） and the main age range of patients was 60 to 79 years old （87.50%）.The risk factors of the two groups：Compared with the elderly CI group,the main risk factors of the young,middle-aged CI group are smoking and irregular life （P〈0.05～0.01）;Compared with the young,middle-aged CI group,the main risk factors of the elderly CI group are hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,coronary heart disease （P〈0.05～0.01）.Clinical features of the two groups：Compared with the elderly CI group,the main clinical features of young and middle-aged CI group are stroke occurs mainly in the activities of state and progressive stroke is more common （P〈0.05）;Compared with the young,middle-aged CI group,the main clinical features of the elderly CI group are that the onset of stroke in the static state,the complete stroke,disturbance of consciousness,psychiatric symptoms and dementia are more common （P〈0.05～0.01）.The CT and MRI characteristics of the two groups：In the two groups,the proportion of MRI detected patients with lacunar infarction were significantly higher than CT （P〈0.05～0.01）,while the proportion of MRI detected patients with non-lacunar infarction compared with CT were not significantly different （P〉0.05）.Conclusions：The young,middle-aged CI group and the elderly CI group had not only the same features but also the different characteristics in all of the risk factors,clinical features and CT,MRI results.It is the key to improve their prognosis that we must correctly understand them and take effective interventions early.