microRNA表达对血管性痴呆的影响

microRNA作为体内一种有调控功能的内源性非编码RNA,广泛参与人体发育、细胞增殖、脂质代谢等过程,并对体内大部分的生命过程起到一定的调控作用。近年来学者认为,血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)的发生可能与乙酰胆碱的缺乏、大脑细胞凋亡、脑缺血引起突触改变、脑缺血后的炎症反应等异常因素存在较大关系,并且上述VD的高危因素的发生、发展过程中均有microRNA调控的广泛参与,因而microRNA对该病的发生、发展可能起着至关重要的作用。随着近年microRNA在机体内生命过程调控作用机制研究逐渐深入,大量研究得以证实,前列腺癌、乳腺癌、股骨头坏死等患者循环血中microRNA表达呈特异性变化,循环microRNA作为疾病潜在的新型标志物得到大量学者认可,研究循环microRNA的体内变化有望用于疾病的早期诊断。本文综述VD相关microRNA的研究进展,同时对microRNA用于血管性痴呆患者早期诊断与治疗进行展望。

Research Progress on Effect of microRNA Expression on Vascular Dementia

As a kind of endogenous non-coding RNA with regulation and control function, microRNA widely participates in human development, cell proliferation and lipid metabolism processes, and also plays a regulatory role in most of the life processes. In recent years, the scholars believe that vascular dementia (VD) may have a close relationship with lack of acetylcholine, brain cells apoptosis, synaptic change after cerebral ischemia and inflammation caused by cerebral ischemia. In addition, microRNA actively participates in the occurrence and development of the above-mentioned risk factors of VD, so microRNA may play a vital role in the occurrence and development of the disease. With the gradual in-depth research on the regulation mechanism of microRNA in life processes in the body, numerous studies have confirmed that microRNA expression in circulation of blood has specific changes in patients with prostate cancer, breast cancer and femoral head necrosis. As a potential new disease marker, the circulating microRNA has been recognized by a large number of scholars, and the research of circulating microRNA change in the body is supposed to be used for early diagnosis of the disease. Research progress of microRNA related to VD is reviewed in this paper, and at the same time, the effect of microRNA for early diagnosis and treatment of vascular dementia is also discussed.