老年支气管哮喘的临床分析及护理策略

目的通过回顾性调查分析,了解老年支气管哮喘的临床表现,并提出护理策略。方法 2010年1月-2012年1月,该院门诊的支气管哮喘患者80例,从发病诱因、临床表现、治疗情况及预后等4个方面进行回顾性调查分析。结果 80例老年支气管哮喘的患者中,上呼吸道感染、COPD急性发作是哮喘发作的主要诱因,分别占33.75%和31.25%;临床表现以呼吸困难及咳嗽为主要症状,分别占67.5%和50%;治疗规范组:45例患者,一周内症状完全控制或部分控制40例,占88.89%(40/45)。治疗不规范组:35例患者,一周内症状完全控制或部分控制25例,占71.43%(25/35),两组间比较,症状控制差异显著(χ2=12.03,P<0.05)。结论老年支气管哮喘患者,症状不典型,规范化治疗和护理是决定预后与转归的主要因素。

Clinical analysis and nursing strategies of bronchial asthma in the elderly patients

Objective To analyze clinical manifestation of bronchial asthma in the elderly patients, and to draw up nursing interventions of asthma in the elderly. Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted on 80 cases of bronchial asthma in elderly patients of our hospital from Jan 2010 to Jan 2012. The precipitating factors, clinical manifestations, treatments and prognosis were analyzed. Re-sults The precipitating factors resulting in the attack of bronchial asthma were upper respiratory tract infection and acute episode of COPD （33. % and 31.25% ） ;The dyspnea and cough were the main syndromes （67.5% and 50% ） ;There was significant difference in the symptomatic relief compared with the norm treatment group and the non norm group. 40 cases of bronchial asthma received the symptomatic relief in one week in the norm treatment group （88.89% ,40/45）, but only 71.43% （25/35）patients in the non-norm treatment group received the symptomatic relief. Conclusion The clinical manifestation of the bronchial asthma was atypical in the elderly patients, normative treatments and nursing were the leading factors concluding the prognosis.