上海市产后妇女避孕方法选择的定性研究

目的:了解上海市产后妇女避孕措施的选择及其影响因素,并了解妇幼保健和计划生育机构对产后避孕服务提供情况。方法:采用个人访谈和小组讨论的研究方法,对上海市分娩1年内的产妇以及参与产后家庭访视的妇幼保健和计划生育工作人员进行访谈。结果:妇女产后早期倾向选择对身体康复和哺乳没有影响的避孕套和安全期避孕,一段时期之后倾向选择避孕效率更高的方法。选择避孕方法的种类受妇产科医生的建议和亲戚朋友避孕经验的影响较大。产妇避孕知识整体水平不高,普遍不了解哺乳避孕法以及口服避孕药、皮下埋植剂等避孕方法。由于产后访视员避孕知识的不足使得产后访视几乎未开展有效的避孕指导。结论:采取多种措施,提高产妇避孕知识,扩大产后避孕方法的选择,改善产后访视的避孕指导。

Qualitative Study on Contraceptive Adoption among Postpartum Women in Shanghai

Objective:To explore contraceptive choices and their influencing factors among post-partum women and contraceptive service provision during the time of post-partum maternal-infant and family planning follow-up in Shanghai.Methods:By using qualitative study methodology(in-depth interview and focus group discussion),post-partum women who delivered less than 1 year and service providers who were responsible for post-partum maternal-infant and family planning follow-up were interviewed.Results:Findings indicated that post-partum women preferred to adopt condom and rhythm method of contraception during the early months after childbirth due mainly to concerns of adverse effects of other methods on women's health and breastfeeding.Effective methods were more likely to be adopted after 3 months of childbirth.However,the selected type of contraceptive methods was largely based on contraceptive experiences of the woman herself,her relatives and close friends,and Obs-gyn(obstetrics and gynecology) doctors played an important role on the choice of contraception.Contraceptive knowledge among post-partum women was generally poor.None of the post-partum women had correct knowledge of lactational amenorrhea method.Contraceptive knowledge was also insufficient among service providers who were involved in post-partum maternal-infant and family planning follow-up.Thus fewer contraceptive counseling for the mothers during the time of post-partum follow-up was provided.Conclusion:It is needed to increase contraceptive knowledge and expand contraceptive choices among post-partum women,and to improve the quality of contraceptive services during post-partum follow-up.