蚊虫垂直传递和交配传递虫媒病毒

57种蚊虫实验或自然感染34种虫媒病毒后,可将其垂直传递至下代。根据自然感染垂直传递的资料分析,19种病毒中,布尼亚属(8种)最多,黄病毒属(6种)次之,其他5种病毒分属于3个属;22种蚊虫中,伊蚊(14种)最多,库蚊(4种)次之,其他4种蚊虫分属于3个属。无吸血生殖、稳定感染、连续垂直传递、交配传递以及病毒可在干燥蚊卵中存活数月等现象的发现,增加了垂直传递的流行病学意义。蚊虫饲养温度对某些蚊虫——病毒系统的垂直传递有明显影响,今后在进行这一研究时,应考虑温度因素,对过去的有些阴性结果,有必要重新研究。

Vertical and Venereal Transmission of Arboviruses by Mosquitoes

Up to the present,experimental and natural vertical transmission of 34 arboviruses by 57 species of mosquitoe have been reported.Of 19 viruses with field evidence of vertical transmission,8 were bunyavirus,6,flaviv- irus,and 5 belonged to 3 other genera of virus.Of 22 mosquito species with field evidence of vertical transmission,14 were Aedes mosquitoes, 4,Culex,and 4 belonged to other 3 genera of mosquitoes. The following phenomena —autogeny,stabilized infection,sequential vertical transmission,venereal transmission,and long period of survival of viruses in dried mosquito eggs—might increase the epidemiological significance of vertical transmission. Rearing temperature of mosquitoes may significantly affect the vertical transmission rates in some mosquito-virus systems.These observationsadd a now factor to the studies on the demonstration of vertical transmission of arboviruses by mosquitoes,and will necessitate repetition of some studies in which negative results were obtained.