窝沟封闭剂联合涂氟预防儿童第一恒磨牙龋病效果的临床研究

目的 研究窝沟封闭剂联合涂氟对儿童第一恒磨牙的防龋效果。方法 选取2020年6月上海浦东新区宣桥镇3所小学450名一年级学生作为研究对象。按照自身半口对照方法分为对照组和实验组。对照组为左侧上下颌第一恒磨牙，共900颗，采用窝沟封闭剂；实验组为右侧上下颌第一恒磨牙，共900颗，采用窝沟封闭剂联合涂布含5%氟化钠的多乐氟，两组均随访2年。观察并记录两组牙齿预防后6个月、1年和2年后的封闭剂保存情况及龋病、邻面龋发生率。结果 预防后6个月、1年、2年，实验组牙齿封闭剂保存完整率（100.00%、100.00%、94.90%）显著高于对照组（100.00%、82.40%、74.70%），差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组第一恒磨牙龋病和邻面龋的发病率为7.30%和2.40%，显著低于对照组的11.10%和8.00%，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 应用窝沟封闭剂联合涂氟可显著降低封闭剂脱落率，降低儿童第一恒磨牙龋病及邻面龋的发生率，用于儿童第一恒磨牙龋病的预防中具有显著作用。

Clinic study on the effect of pit and fissure sealant combined with fluoride on the prevention of caries in children's first permanent molar

Objective To study the clinical effects of pit and fissure sealant combined with topical application of fluoride on the prevention of caries for children''s first permanent molar.Methods A total of 450 first-grade students from 3 primary schools from Xuanqiao Town, Pudong New Area, Shanghai were selected as subjects in June 2020. Grouping was performed according to their own half-mouth control method. The control group of left maxillary and mandibular first permanent molars(900 teeth) were treated by pit and fissure sealant technique, and the test group of right maxillary and mandibular first permanent molars(900 teeth) were treated by pit and fissure closure technique combined with topical fluoridation. The two groups of teeth were followed up for two years. Observe and record the preservation of the sealant, the incidence of dental caries and adjacent proximal surfaces caries at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after prevention in both groups.Results Six months, One year and two years after prevention, the total preservation rate of the sealant in the test group(100.00%, 100.00%,94.90%) was significantly higher than that in the control group(100.00%,82.40%, 74.70%), and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The incidence of dental caries in the test group(7.30%, 2.40%) was significantly lower than those in the control group(11.10%, 8.00%), and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of pit and fissure sealant with topical fluoridation can significantly reduce the rate of sealant shedding, and the incidence of dental caries and proximal surfaces caries, and has a significant preventive effect on children''s first permanent molar caries.