组织工程化小肠黏膜下层生物膜用于牙种植牵引的实验研究

目的 构建组织工程化小肠黏膜下层(small intestinal submucosa,SIS)生物膜,评价其作为骨膜替代物的可行性及其在牙种植牵引(dental implant distraction,DID)中的作用.方法 取10只山羊设自身对照,通过骨髓基质干细胞(bone marrow stronml cell,BMSC)与SIS复合培养构建组织工程化生物膜,用相差显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)及碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)活性检测评价SIS的细胞相容性;建立山羊胫骨DID模型,将该牛物膜移植于手术暴露侧,用显微CT和组织学检测评价成骨促进作用.结果 相差显微镜、SEM及ALP活性测定证实BMSC与SIS复合培养后,BMSC生长及功能良好;将构建的生物膜移植于牵引区3个月后检查可见:在显微CT观测窗高设置下,生物膜组仍能看到不连续的新牛骨,而空白对照组无骨质形成;组织学见牵引区有大量新骨形成,主要为编织骨,在空白对照组有骨不连发生,间隙内为纤维结缔组织;在生物膜植入侧的成骨数量及质量与未暴露侧相似.结论 通过复合培养构建的组织工程化牛物膜能够在DID中发挥种子细胞和膜引导成骨的双重作用,明显促进成骨.但对于该膜的转归,特别是所携带的成骨细胞在新骨形成中的作用尚待进一步研究.

Experimental study of tissue-engineered biological small intestinal submucosa,membrane employed in dental implant traction

Objective To construct the tissue-engineered biological small intestinal submucosa(SIS)membrane and evaluate the feasibility of its use as a surrogate of periosteum and its possible role in dental implant distraction(DID).Methods The tissue-engineered biological SIS inembrane was,constructed through the co-culturing of boat bone marrow stromal cells(BMSC)and small intestinal submucosa.The celluar compatibility was evaluated with the phase contrast microscope,SEM,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and histology,and its effect of ostcogenesis promotion was detected by Micro-CTand histology after implanted in the export side of DID operation.Results The phase contrast microscope,SEM,ALP activity and histology confirmed that the BMSC could adhere to SIS and proliferate on it normally,the cellular activity and function were not affected by SIS.Three months after the tissue-engineered biological SIS membrane was implanted into the exposed side,sonle discontinuous new bone in the"biological SIS membrane"group was detected by the Micro-CT under a higher window level.The histology revealed that there was a quantity of new bone in the distracted region and the majority was woven bone.The quantity and quality ofthe new bone in the"biological SIS membrane"implanted group were similar to the unexposed side,but the bone nonunion was detected in the un-implanted group and the interspace was fixed by fibrous connective tissue.Conclusions The tissueengineered biological SIS membrane can provid both daughter cells,guide bone regeneration in DID and promote the osteogenesis.But the outcome of the biological SIS membrane,especially the function of the osteoblast culmred in the SIS in new bone formation,still needs further study.