早期肠内营养联合益生菌对重型颅脑损伤患者营养状况的影响

目的 观察早期肠内营养联合益生菌对重型颅脑损伤患者营养状况的影响.方法 将35例重型颅脑损伤患者按随机数字表法分入研究组(17例)及对照组(18例);两组患者均在入院后24～48 h内即开始经鼻胃管进行肠内营养,研究组在此基础上同时联合给予益生菌.于肠内营养支持前及支持后第8,15,21天清晨监测血红蛋白、淋巴细胞计数、血浆总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白、胆碱酯酶、空腹血糖等指标,并测量上臂围(AC)、三头肌皮褶厚度(TSF)、上臂肌围(AMC),观察患者胃肠道反应情况及首次排便时间,比较GCS评分.结果 两组患者血红蛋白、淋巴细胞计数、总蛋白、前白蛋白及GCS评分各时相点差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).研究组在营养支持第8天,空腹血糖明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);第15天,胆碱酯酶显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);第21天,白蛋白水平有高于对照组的趋势(P=0.054),AC及AMC较营养支持前下降程度明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).研究组发生反流、便秘例数明显少于对照组,首次排便时间显著提前于对照组(P＜0.05,0.01).结论 与单纯肠内营养相比,联合益生菌的肠内营养能更好纠正重型颅脑损伤后的代谢紊乱,改善患者的营养状况.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effect of early enteral nutrition combined with probiotics on the nutritional status of patients with severe head injury. Methods Thirty-five patients with severe head injury were randomized into early enteral nutrition group ( control group, n = 18 ) and early enteral nutrition combined with probiotics group (observational group, n = 17). All the patients received enteral nutrition via nasogastric tube within 24-48 hours following admission. Hemoglobin, lymphocyte count,plasma concentrations of total protein, albumin, prealbumin, cholinesterase, and fasting blood glucose were determined before enteral nutrition and at days 8, 15, 21 after enteral nutrition. Arm circumference (AC), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) and ann muscle circumference ( AMC ) were measured at the same time points. Gastrointestinal reactions as well as the time to first defecation were recorded. Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was assessed. Results There was no difference in terms of hemoglobin, lymphocyte count, plasma concentrations of total protein, prealbumin, and GCS score at each time point between the two groups ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). At day 8 after enteral nutrition, the patients in the observational group exhibited significantly lower level of fasting blood glucose than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05 ). At day 15,the concentration of plasma cholinesterase in the observational group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). At day 21, the observational group showed a tendency in increase of plasma albumin level in comparison with the control group( P = 0. 054), and the decrease of AC and AMC was obviously lower than that in the control group ( P ＜0. 05 ) compared with pre-enteral nutrition. The observational group showed less gastro-oesophageal reflux and constipation as well as earlier time to first defecation compared with the control group ( P ＜ 0. 05,0. 01 ). Conclusion Compared with the ordinary enteral nutrition, the enteral nutrition combined with probiotics can attenuate metabolic disorders and improve the nutritional status of the patients with severe head injury.

Effects of early enteral nutrition combined with probiotics on nutritional status of patients with severe head injury

Objective To investigate the effect of early enteral nutrition combined with probiotics on the nutritional status of patients with severe head injury. Methods Thirty-five patients with severe head injury were randomized into early enteral nutrition group ( control group, n = 18 ) and early enteral nutrition combined with probiotics group (observational group, n = 17). All the patients received enteral nutrition via nasogastric tube within 24-48 hours following admission. Hemoglobin, lymphocyte count,plasma concentrations of total protein, albumin, prealbumin, cholinesterase, and fasting blood glucose were determined before enteral nutrition and at days 8, 15, 21 after enteral nutrition. Arm circumference (AC), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) and ann muscle circumference ( AMC ) were measured at the same time points. Gastrointestinal reactions as well as the time to first defecation were recorded. Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was assessed. Results There was no difference in terms of hemoglobin, lymphocyte count, plasma concentrations of total protein, prealbumin, and GCS score at each time point between the two groups ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). At day 8 after enteral nutrition, the patients in the observational group exhibited significantly lower level of fasting blood glucose than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05 ). At day 15,the concentration of plasma cholinesterase in the observational group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). At day 21, the observational group showed a tendency in increase of plasma albumin level in comparison with the control group( P = 0. 054), and the decrease of AC and AMC was obviously lower than that in the control group ( P ＜0. 05 ) compared with pre-enteral nutrition. The observational group showed less gastro-oesophageal reflux and constipation as well as earlier time to first defecation compared with the control group ( P ＜ 0. 05,0. 01 ). Conclusion Compared with the ordinary enteral nutrition, the enteral nutrition combined with probiotics can attenuate metabolic disorders and improve the nutritional status of the patients with severe head injury.