改良掌背动脉穿支皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损

目的 探讨吻合皮神经改良掌背动脉穿支皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损的方法及临床疗效.方法 2005年1月至2008年3月收治31例38指软组织缺损患者,男26例31指,女5例7指;年龄14～66岁,平均29.6岁.其中示指11指,中指18指,环指6指,小指3指.31例中9例伴肌腱断裂(伸肌腱断裂6例,屈肌腱断裂3例),其中伸肌腱缺损3指;伴中节指骨骨折5例.缺损范围为1.0cm×0.8 cm～3.2 cm×2.5 cm.缺损平面均位于近侧指间关节以远,应用不带掌背动脉全长的掌背动脉远端穿支逆行岛状皮瓣修复,皮瓣血管蒂的旋转点由传统指蹼游离缘近侧1.5 cm背侧改至掌侧,并吻合指背神经.皮瓣切取范围1.2 cm×1.0 cm～3.5 cm×2.8 cm.供区直接缝合或游离植皮.结果 术后3例皮瓣远端出现张力性水疱表皮结痂,经换药后愈合;其余皮瓣顺利成活,皮瓣及供区切口均Ⅰ期愈合.28例35指术后获3～25个月(平均15.3个月)随访.皮瓣质地柔软,外观饱满.两点辨别觉为6～9 mm,平均7.7 mm.术后8个月,手功能按手指总主动活动度法评定:优20指,良13指,可2指,优良率为94.3%.结论 吻合皮神经改良掌背动脉远端穿支逆行岛状皮瓣移植修复手指软组织缺损,疗效满意,是一种较好的方法.

Abstract：

Objective To report operative procedures and clinical results of repairing finger soft tissue defects with a modified reversed island flap pedicled on a perforating branch of the dorsal metacarpal artery. Methods From January 2005 to March 2008,we repaired 38 finger soft tissue defects in 31 patients (26 men and 5 women) with a modified reversed island flap pedicled on a distal perforating branch of the dorsal metacarpal artery and anastomosis of the cutaneous nerve.Their ages ranged from 14 to 66 years,with a mean of 29.6 years.Altogether 11 index,18 middle,6 ring and 3 little fingers were injured.Nine patients were complicated with rupture of tendons,3 with extenso-tendon defects and 5 with middle phalanx fractures.The defect areas ranged from 1.0 cm × 0.8 cm to 3.2 cm× 2.5 cm.The flap areas ranged from 1.2 cm× 1.0 cm to 3.5 cm× 2.8 cm.The flap did not carry a full length of the dorsal metacarpal artery but only the distal perforating branch of the artery.The rotating point of the flap pedicle was altered from the dorsal to the palmar side to extend the vessel pedicle.The donor sites were closed by suture or skin graft. Results Twenty-eight patients (35 fingers) were followed up for 3 to 25 months (mean,15.3 months) .All flaps survived with satisfactory appearance,sensation and function.All flaps and donor sites obtained primary healing.The two-point discrimination was 6 to 9 mm (mean,7.7 mm).According to Total Active Movement (TAM) evaluation system,the results were excellent in 20,good in 13 and fair in 2 fingers,with a good to excellent rate of 94.3％. Conclusion The modified reversed island flap pedicled on a distal perforating branch of the dorsal metacarpal artery and anastomosis of the cutaneous nerve is an easy,safe and effective treatment for finger soft tissue defects.

Repair of digital soft tissue defects with a modified reversed island flap pedicled on a perforating branch of the dorsal metacarpal artery

Objective To report operative procedures and clinical results of repairing finger soft tissue defects with a modified reversed island flap pedicled on a perforating branch of the dorsal metacarpal artery. Methods From January 2005 to March 2008,we repaired 38 finger soft tissue defects in 31 patients (26 men and 5 women) with a modified reversed island flap pedicled on a distal perforating branch of the dorsal metacarpal artery and anastomosis of the cutaneous nerve.Their ages ranged from 14 to 66 years,with a mean of 29.6 years.Altogether 11 index,18 middle,6 ring and 3 little fingers were injured.Nine patients were complicated with rupture of tendons,3 with extenso-tendon defects and 5 with middle phalanx fractures.The defect areas ranged from 1.0 cm × 0.8 cm to 3.2 cm× 2.5 cm.The flap areas ranged from 1.2 cm× 1.0 cm to 3.5 cm× 2.8 cm.The flap did not carry a full length of the dorsal metacarpal artery but only the distal perforating branch of the artery.The rotating point of the flap pedicle was altered from the dorsal to the palmar side to extend the vessel pedicle.The donor sites were closed by suture or skin graft. Results Twenty-eight patients (35 fingers) were followed up for 3 to 25 months (mean,15.3 months) .All flaps survived with satisfactory appearance,sensation and function.All flaps and donor sites obtained primary healing.The two-point discrimination was 6 to 9 mm (mean,7.7 mm).According to Total Active Movement (TAM) evaluation system,the results were excellent in 20,good in 13 and fair in 2 fingers,with a good to excellent rate of 94.3％. Conclusion The modified reversed island flap pedicled on a distal perforating branch of the dorsal metacarpal artery and anastomosis of the cutaneous nerve is an easy,safe and effective treatment for finger soft tissue defects.