413株血培养分离菌的菌种分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解血培养病原菌的分布情况及相关耐药性, 为临床抗菌药物的选用提供科学依据。 方法 采用美国BD公司BACTEXTM FX system型血培养仪进行血培养,采用梅里埃公司VITEK 2-COMPACT全自动微生物分析仪进行细菌的鉴定和药敏试验。 结果 分离病原菌413株,以革兰阳性菌为主, 共213株, 占51.6%; 革兰阴性球菌173 株, 占41.9%; 真菌27 株, 占6.5%;革兰阳性菌对青霉素G(93.3%)、红霉素(82.3%)、苯唑西林(77.0%)的耐药率已很高;革兰阴性菌对青霉素类和头孢菌素类等抗菌药物的耐药程度严重;抗真菌药物整体敏感性较高,耐药率都在10%以下。 结论 血培养病原菌以革兰阳性菌为主,菌种多样化,不同菌种耐药性差异很大,应定期对血培养病原菌的分布和耐药情况进行监测。

Category of 413 pathogen strains isolated from blood and their drug resistance

Objective To understand the category of pathogens isolated from blood and their drug resistance, and provide evidence for the rational use of antibiotics. Methods The culture of blood samples were performed by using BACTEXTM FX system, and the identification of isolated strains and related drug susceptibility test were conducted by using VITEK 2-COMPACT. Results Of 413 pathogen strains isolated, 213 were gram-positive bacteria （51.6%）, 173 were gram-negative bacteria （41.9%）, 27 were fungi （6. 5% ）. The drug susceptibility test showed that the resistant rates of the gram-positive bacteria to penicillin G （93.3%）, erythromycin （82. 3% ）, oxacillin （77.0%） were high, and the gram-negative bacteria were also highly resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins, but fungi were still sensitive to antibiotics, the resistance rates were all 〈 10%. Conclusion Gram-positive bacteria were the main pathogens isolated from blood, and their species varied. Their drug resistance differed. It is necessary to conduct regular surveillance of pathogens isolated from blood and their drug resistance.