老年男性住院患者营养状况的调查

目的 调查老年男性住院患者的营养状况及其影响因素,为老年男性住院患者合理进行营养支持提供参考.方法 便利选取解放军总医院综合外科、肾内科、内分泌科、消化内科、神经内科、心内科、呼吸内科7个科室的老年男性住院患者共149例,测量体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）,并分析与科室、进餐方式及年龄等的关系.结果 老年男性住院患者低体质量（营养不良）发生率为14.1％,超重发生率为19.5％,肥胖发生率为46.9％.不同科室间BMI差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;不同进餐方式（鼻饲患者或正常进餐）及年龄段的患者BMI差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 老年男性住院患者超重和肥胖的发生率高于营养不良发生率;因此,一方面要从总体上控制老年患者的超重问题,另一方面根据患者进餐方式与年龄段的特点加强特殊人群的营养支持.

Nutritional Status of Hospitalized Elderly Male Patients

Objective To explore the nutrition status and its influencing factors of hospitalized elderly male patients,so as to provide evidences for rational nutritional support for them.Methods A survey was conducted in 149 male patients in the geratic wards of surgical,neurology,endocrinology,gastroenterology,nephrology,cardiology and respiratory medicine.Body mass index （BMI） and the correlations between BMI and departments,dining ways and age were assessed and analyzed.Results Of the 149 patients,low body weight incidence was 14.1 ％,overweight incidence was 19.5 ％,obesity incidence was 46.9 ％.There was no statistic difference in the incidence of malnutrition in different departments.The incidence of malnutrition in nasogastric feeding was higher than those who took food by mouths（P＜0.05）.The incidence of malnutrition in patients aged 80-100 years was higher than those in the patients aged 60-80 years （P＜0.05）.Conclusion The incidence of overweight and obesity in the hospitalized geratic male patients was higher than the incidence of malnutrition.On one hand,we should control the obesity problem in general.On the other hand,we should strength the nutrition support for elderly male patients according to their dining ways and ages.