冠状动脉旁路移植患者围术期分级心理护理的实施与效果

目的 探讨适用于冠状动脉旁路移植择期手术患者的心理护理对策.方法 将2012年1月至2013年2月88例冠状动脉旁路移植术患者随机分为干预组和对照组各44例,对照组给予冠状动脉旁路移植术围术期常规护理,干预组按照术前后SCL-90症状自评量表评分及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI）进行分级心理护理,比较两组患者手术前后心理、睡眠、疼痛等主观指标及住院天数、护理工作满意度.结果 干预组术后除SCL-90总均分外,PSQI及疼痛评分低于对照组,食欲得分高于对照组,总住院天数、ICU住院天数及术后住院天数少于对照组,护理工作满意度评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）.结论 针对不同心理特点的冠状动脉旁路移植围术期患者实施分级心理护理,有助于促进患者康复、提高患者的满意度,并在一定程度上缩短了患者的住院时间,减少了医疗费用,体现了较好的经济效益及社会效益.

Application and Evaluation of Hierarchical Perioperative Psychological Nursing Strategies for Patients Treated with Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Objective To investigate the effect of hierarchical perioperative psychological nursing strategies for patients treated with elective coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods A total of 88 patients with coronary artery bypass surgery from January 2012 to February 2013 were randomly divided into intervention group and control group,with 44 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were given CABG routine nursing during operation period.Patients in the intervention group were divided into different groups according to the SCL-90 and PSQI,and hierarchical preoperative and postoperative psychological nursing were given.Psychological statuses,sleep quality,pain level,length of hospitalization,satisfaction about nursing were compared between the two groups.Results In addition to SCL-90,PSQI score,pain level,appetite and satisfaction of nursing were significantly better than the control group （P＜0.05）; the total number of days in hospital,length of ICU stay and postoperative hospital stay were significantly less than those in the control group （P＜0.05）.Conclusion With good economic and social benefits,hierarchical perioperative psychological nursing for patients treated with GABG may contribute to promoting the process of rehabilitation,improving the patients＇ satisfaction,shortening the time of hospitalization and decreasing the medical cost.