食管癌患者术后应用不同呼吸锻炼方法的效果分析

目的探讨不同呼吸锻炼方法对食管癌患者术后康复的影响，以选择最佳的呼吸锻炼方法。方法便利抽样选择食管癌术后患者90例，根据手术时间顺序分为3组，每组各30例。对照组采用常规呼吸锻炼，干预组A采用常规呼吸锻炼＋缩唇呼吸锻炼，干预组B采用常规呼吸锻炼＋吹气球锻炼。比较3组患者术后胸腔积液引流量，术后恢复情况及术后肺部并发症发生情况。结果干预组A与对照组比较，仅首次肛门排气时间缩短，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；干预组B与对照组相比较，胸腔引流管达到拔管指征的时间、首次肛门排气时间和住院时间均缩短，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）；3组患者术后肺部并发症情况比较差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。干预组A与干预组B比较，在住院时间方面差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论食管癌患者术后采用吹气球锻炼，可促进患者康复，效果明显，且操作方便易于开展推广。在呼吸锻炼的同时，护理人员应重视并加强患者的气道清除能力，以降低肺部并发症的发生率。

Effects Analysis of Different Breathing Exercises for Patients with Esophagectomy

Objective To explore the effects of different breathing exercises on rehabilitation for patients after esophagectomy,so as to choose the best breathing exercises method. Methods Totally 90 patients after esophageetomy were recruited and divided into three groups （group A,B and control group） according to the order of the operation time,with 30 patients in each group. Conventional breathing exercises were a- dopted for the three groups. Patients in the group A were given additional shrink lip exercise, while patients in the group B were given additional blowing balls exercises. The volume of thoracic drainage, postoperative rehabilitation and postoperative pulmonary complications were compared and analyzed among the three groups. Results Compared to the control group ,time for first anal aerofluxus was significantly shorter in the group A （P〈0.05）. Time for tube drainage,first anal aerofluxus and length of hospital stay in the intervention group A were significantly shorter than which in the control group（P〈0.05）. No significant difference was found in complications among the 3 groups（P〉0.05）. No significant difference was found in indictors between group A and group B （P〉0.05）. Significant difference was found in length of hospital stay between group A and group B （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Blow ball breath exercise for patients after esophageetomy can effectively promote rehabilitation process. Nursing staffs should pay attentions to strengthen patients＇ airway cleaning ability,so as to decrease the incidence of pneumonia.