基于伤口护理研究的糖尿病大鼠难愈性溃疡模型的建立

目的为伤口护理研究建立一种稳定的糖尿病难愈性溃疡动物模型。方法选用240～260g雄性SD大鼠60只，以链脲佐菌素腹腔注射，1周后测血糖，将血糖〉16．7mmol／L大鼠纳入糖尿病溃疡造模组，给予普通饲料喂养16周，每周监测血糖及其他糖尿病表现。在大鼠脊柱腰背部两侧手术造成直径1．8cm的圆形缺损创面；连续3d用冰醋酸涂抹创面，2次／d；用钢针刺入创面5mm肉眼观察有无出血及脓性分泌物。结果2周后实验大鼠血糖升高，且稳定大于16．7mmol／L，体重较前明显下降（P〈0．01）；创面形成3d后，96个创面针刺无出血，49个针刺有脓性分泌物；最终，糖尿病大鼠皮肤溃疡模型成功48只，成功率为80％；结论采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素、外科手术开创、冰醋酸涂抹创面可成功建立糖尿病大鼠难愈性溃疡模型，为伤口护理研究提供了动物模型支持。

Establishment of Diabetic Rats Model for Refractory Ulcer Based on Wound Nursing Research

Objective To establish a stable animal model of diabetic refractory wound healing skin ulcer for the sake of wound nursing research. Methods Injection of streptozotocin （STZ） to 60 male SD rats with weight of 2404260 g was performed and glycemia level was measured 1 week later. And the rats,whose blood glucose level were greater than 16.7retool/l, were grouped into the diabetic ulcer model class and were fed by ordinary food for 16 weeks with measuring their blood glucose and other diabetes manifesta- tions every week. A circular wound of 1.8 cm in diameter was made on each side of the rats＇ back near the spine. The wounds were wiped with glacial acetic acid twice daily in the following 3 days. Observation with naked eyes. using steel needle to penetrate the wound and check whether blood or purulence presence. Results The blood glucose concentration of all rats was larger than 16. 7 mmol/L and the weight was dropping obviously （P〈0.01）. After three days of wounds opened,there was no bleeding in 96 wounds penetrated with needles,while 49 wounds were secreting purulence. In the end, 48 rats were successfully modeled with a yield of 80 %. Conclusion Procedure of muscle injection of STZ followed by opening wounds surgery and glacial acetic acid wiping is effective for modeling establishing diabetic skin ulcer model, which can establish a stable model of diabetic impaired wound healing skin ulcer for wound nursing research.