精神分裂症和抑郁症患者及其Ⅰ级亲属认知功能的比较研究

目的研究精神分裂症、抑郁症患者及其Ⅰ级亲属的认知功能。方法采用词汇测验、木块图测验、逻辑记忆测验、视觉再生测验、Benton线方向判断测验、威斯康星卡片分类测验等评估认知功能。结果1.精神分裂症、抑郁症患者在词汇测验、木块图测验、逻辑记忆测验、视觉再生测验、Benton线方向判断测验、威斯康星卡片分类测验方面差于正常对照,亦分别差于其Ⅰ级亲属。2.精神分裂症患者Ⅰ级亲属与抑郁症Ⅰ级亲属间仅在智商(99.46±11.63)分Vs(105.13±10.56)分]、WCST的持续错误数(30.15±19.69)分Vs(22.75±18.75)分]方面有差异。3.精神分裂症Ⅰ级亲属在词汇、智商、视觉再生、逻辑记忆以及WCST的总应答数、持续错误数方面较正常对照差,抑郁症患者Ⅰ级亲属仅在词汇(11.45±1.55)分Vs(12.05±2.35)分]、视觉再生(9.36±2.47)分Vs(10.87±2.50)分]、逻辑记忆(12.45±3.67)分Vs(16.12±4.25)分]以及WCST的总应答数(110.06±6.62)分Vs(105.81±20.88)分]方面较正常对照差。结论精神分裂症、抑郁症患者存在认知功能损害,前者较后者更严重;精神分裂症、抑郁症Ⅰ级亲属存在不同程度的认知功能损害,认知功能受损具有一定的遗传特质性。

The comparative study of cognitive function among schizophrenic and depressive patients and their first degree relatives

ObjectiveTo explore the cognitive function of schizophrenic and depressive patients and their first degree relatives.MethodsAll of the subjects were assessed by vocabulary test, block design, l ogical memory, visual reproduction, judgment of line orientation test and Wiconsin Card Sorting test( WCST).Results1. In comparison with the control groups , significant defects on vocabulary test, block design, logical memory, visual reproduction, judgment of line orientation test and WCST performance were found in the schizophrenic and depressive patients , and the performance of the patients were worse than that of their first degree relatives; 2. The first degree relatives of schizophrenic patients were only different from the first degree relatives of depressive patients on IQ(99.4611.63 vs 105.1310.56)and the persist error number of WCST(30.15(19.69) vs 22.75(18.75));3. The first degree relatives of schizophrenic patients were worse than the controls on the performance of vocabulary test, IQ, logical memory, visual reproduction and WCST. The first degree relatives of depressive patients were better than that of schizoprenic patients~(, ) relatives. Conclusions1.Both the schizophrenic patients and depressive patients exhibited cognitive impairment, and the schizophrenic patients exhbited more cognitive impairment than depressive patients. 2.The first degree relatives of schizophrenic and depressive patients exhibited varied degree of cognitive impairment ,and showed a certain degree of negative symptoms , which explored the presence of genetic vulnerability.