Impact of perinatal exposure to equol enantiomers on reproductive development in rodents |
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Authors: | Brown Nadine M Lindley Stephanie L Witte David P Setchell Kenneth D R |
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Institution: | a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children''s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA b Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA |
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Abstract: | There is now considerable interest in the intestinally derived soy isoflavone metabolite, equol, which occurs in the enantiomeric forms, S-(−)equol and R-(+)equol, both differing in biological actions. Little is known about effects of either enantiomer on reproductive development, yet such knowledge is fundamental because of the recent commercialization of S-(−)equol as a dietary supplement. S-(−)equol and R-(+)equol were therefore investigated to determine their effects on reproductive development and fertility in the Sprague-Dawley rat. Neither enantiomer affected fertility, number of litters produced, number of pups per litter, number of male and female pups born, birth weight, anogenital distance, testicular descent or vaginal opening. Histological analysis showed no major abnormalities in ovary, testis, prostate or seminal vesicle tissue with dietary exposure to S-(−)equol or R-(+)equol, but both enantiomers triggered hyperplasia of uterine tissue. With R-(+)equol this stimulatory effect subsided after exposure was discontinued, but the effect of S-(−)equol was prolonged. |
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Keywords: | NMR nuclear magnetic resonance HPLC-MS high pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry VP ventral prostate DLP dorso-lateral prostate SV seminal vesicles PND post natal day |
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