活跃期笑气吸入分娩镇痛的临床观察

目的:探讨活跃期笑气吸入分娩镇痛的效果和对母婴的影响。方法:将320例产妇随机分为两组,160例产妇在活跃期给予吸入50%笑气和50%氧气混和气体实施分娩镇痛(观察组),另160例仅吸入氧气作对照(对照组)。观察比较两组的产痛程度、产程时间、分娩方式、新生儿情况、出血量以及产妇桡动脉血与新生儿脐动脉血气分析结果。结果:观察组活跃期分娩镇痛有效118例(73.75%);总产程(7.33±3.24)小时;阴道分娩128例(80.00%);新生儿窒息7例(4.38%);出血量(289.56±59.21)ml。对照组活跃期分娩无痛有效3例(1.88%);总产程(7.43±3.11)小时;阴道分娩88例(55.00%);新生儿窒息分别为7例(4.38%),出血量(293.43±58.32)ml。两组产妇分娩镇痛效果比较,差异有显著性(P<0.001),两组产程时间、新生儿窒息比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05),观察组的剖宫率明显低于对照组。两组产妇桡动脉血与新生儿脐动脉血气分析结果比较差异无显著性。结论:笑气吸入应用于产科镇痛效果好,对母儿均无不良影响,是一种安全、有效、简便的无痛分娩方法。

Clinical study on labor analgesia with inhalation of nitrous oxide in active stage of labor

Objective:To investigate the efficiency of the inhalation of nitrous oxide premixed with oxygen(50%:50%) for labor analgesia and its effects on mother and fetus. Methods:320 primiparae were randomly divided into the observation group and control group,with 160 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with the inhalation of nitrous oxide with oxygen,the control group only with oxygen. The degree of labor pains,delivery process,ways of delivery,Apgars score,postpartum hemorrhage and the blood gas analyses of maternal radius artery and fetal umbilical artery in all cases were observed respectively,and compared with each other. Results:The efficiency of analgesia in active stage of labor in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group, with a significant difference(P<0.001), but there were no significant differences in the time of labor, postpartum hemorrhage, Apgars score, blood gas analysis between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion:The inhalation of nitrous oxide premixed with oxygen for labor analgesia benefits pregnant women,without side effects on both mother and fetus,which is a safe,simple and effective method.