长沙地区泌尿生殖道支原体感染及其耐药性分析

目的了解长沙地区性病门诊患者中支原体的感染及其耐药情况,为临床治疗支原体感染提供药物选择参考.方法采用支原体培养法对181例患者的泌尿生殖道标本进行解脲支原体(Uu)和人型支原体(Mh)培养和药物敏感性检测.结果 181例患者中有79例分离出支原体,分离率为43.6%,其中Uu阳性占26.5%,Nh阳性占3.3%,混合感染占13.8%;女性支原体分离率显著高于男性(58.6%vs 36.6%,χ2=6.91,P＜0.01);女性混合感染率亦明显高于男性(22.4%vs 9.8%,χ2=4.29,P＜0.05);阳性患者主要分布于20～39岁年龄段;支原体对环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、红霉素、罗红霉素、阿齐霉素、强力霉素、美满霉素和交沙霉素的耐药率依次为84.8%、44.3%、30.4%、22.8%、19.0%、15.2%、11.4%和2.5%.结论泌尿生殖道支原体感染以Uu为主,其次为Uu Mh混合感染;女性感染率高于男性;支原体感染率与性活跃程度有关.长沙地区治疗支原体感染首选交沙霉素、美满霉素、强力霉素及阿齐霉素.

Analysis of infection patterns and drug resistance of urogenital mycoplasma in Changsha district

Objective:To investigate the infection patterns of urogenital mycoplasma and to analyze the drug resistance of the mycoplasma in Changsha district. Methods:The my coplasma culture was done in specimens from 181STD clinic patients with urogenital tract infection and the drug sensitivity test was performed. Results:Seventy - nine of 181 patients were mycoplasma positive, and the infection rate was 43.6%. Among them, 26.5% were ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) positive, 3.3% were mycoplasma hominis(Mh) positive and 13.8% were both Uu and Mh positive. In addition, the mycoplasma infection rate in females was significantly higher than that in males (58.6% vs 36.6% , χ2 = 6.91, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Furthermore, the rate of mixed infection in females was significantly higher than that in males(22.4% vs 9.8%, χ2 =4.29, P ＜0.05 ). Most of the patients infected with mycoplasma were 20 ～39 years old. The drug resistance rates of mycoplasma to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin,deoxycycline, minocycline and josamycin were 84.8%, 44.3%, 30.4%, 22.8% , 19.0% , 15.2%, 11.4% and 2.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The urogenital tract infections of mycoplasma result mainly from Uu, secondly from mixed Uu and Mh. Females are infected more often than males. Mycoplasma infections are related to sexual activity. To treat mycoplasma infections in Changsha district, josamycin, minocycline, deoxycycline and azithromycin are recommended.