中国狂犬病N基因分子流行病学调查研究

目的通过分析近年中国狂犬病病毒流行株N基因特征和遗传变异状况，探讨我国狂犬病的流行分布与狂犬病病毒遗传变异间的关系。方法对不同流行地区、不同宿主动物来源的狂犬病标本，进行病毒N基因编码区下游720个核苷酸序列测定、序列同源性比较和种系发生分析。结果获得相应区段的狂犬病病毒核苷酸序列34份；核苷酸序列同源性87．5％～100％，推导的氨基酸序列同源性93．3％～99．6％，核苷酸序列的变异主要为同义突变。结论34个病毒标本都属于基因Ⅰ型狂犬病病毒且具有地域性特征。我国狂犬病高发病地区狂犬病病毒来源多样化，且病毒呈现从高发病地区向周边地区的传播和扩散，野生动物与家养动物之间，本国动物与外国动物之间，可能均存在着狂犬病病毒的交叉感染和相互传播。

Molecular epidemiology investigation of rabies virus nucleoprotein genes in China

Objective To study the relationship between the distribution of rabies virus and genetic variation,the genetic characterization and variation of rabies virus strains in China were analyzed.Methods The downstream 720 nucleotides of Nucleoprotein (N) gene coding region of the rabies specimens from different areas and host animals were sequenced,and then homology and phylogenesis were analyzed.Results Nucleotide similarities of 34 N gene sequences were 87.5%-100%,and the deduced amino acid similarities were 93.3%-99.6%.Most of the nucleotide variations were synonymous mutations.Conclusion The 34 rabies specimens all belong to genotype Ⅰ and are of regional characteristic.The rabies viruses in high-incidence areas in China are of various origins and present the transmission tendency from high-incidence areas to surrounding regions.There may be cross-infection and mutual spread of rabies virus between wildlife and domestic animals as well as native and foreign animals.