Subjective and behavioural evaluation of cigarette cravings |
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Authors: | P. Willner S. Hardman G. Eaton |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Psychology, University of Wales, SA2 8PP Swansea, UK |
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Abstract: | Cigarette cravings were evaluated in a sample of moderately heavy smokers, using the Questionnaire on Smoking Urges (QSU: Tiffany and Drobes 1991), which produces scores on two factors, related to the positive (factor I) and negative (factor II)-reinforcing properties of smoking, respectively. Smoking motivation was also assessed behaviourally using a progressive-ratio operant procedure, in which responding on a computer keyboard was reinforced by puffs on a cigarette, under a progressively increasing work requirement. Abstinence (4–14 h) increased scores on both subjective and behavioural measures. In non-deprived subjects, behavioural measures and cigarette liking correlated more strongly with factor I of the QSU than with factor II, while in abstinent subjects, correlations with factor II were stronger than with factor I. The significant relationships between the QSU and cigarette-reinforced progressiveratio operant performance support the validity of both of these procedures as measures of cigarette craving. |
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Keywords: | Cigarette craving Smoking Questionnaire of Smoking Urges Progressive-ratio schedule Cigarette liking Mood Abstinence |
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