首发精神分裂症患者家庭环境和父母教养方式的对照研究

目的：探讨首发精神分裂症患者家庭环境和父母教养方式的特点。方法：采用家庭环境量表中文版和父母养育方式评价量表，对处于缓解期的120例首发精神分裂症患者（研究组）与按1：1配对原则挑选的120名正常人（对照组）进行测试。结果：（1）与对照组比较，研究组的家庭环境表现为低亲密度、低情感表达、低成功性及低组织性，以及高矛盾性及控制性差（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。（2）在教养方式上，患者的父亲表现为低情感温暖、高惩罚严厉、过分干涉和拒绝否认（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；患者母亲表现为低情感温暖、高拒绝否认和惩罚严厉（P〈0．01）。（3）Logistic回归分析，研究组的家庭环境及父母教养方式的风险因素为家庭成员的高矛盾性和控制性差，以及父亲的低情感温暖、过分干涉和拒绝否认，母亲的低情感温暖（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。结论：精神分裂症患者的家庭环境和父母教养方式存在许多问题，可能对精神分裂症的发病起重要作用。

A controlled study of family environment and parental rearing styles of first episode schizophrenia

Objective:To detect the feature of family environment and parental rearing style of patients with first episode schizophrenia.Methods:120 patients with first episode schizophrenia and 120 normal controls were investigated using the Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FES-CV) and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU).Results: As compared with normal controls,schizophrenia families had lower scores of cohesion,expressiveness,achievement orientation,organization,control and high conflict.The schizophrenics' father had a lower score of warmth and understanding and a higher score of tendency of rejecting,over laden intervention and punishment;and the mother had a lower score of warmth and understanding and a higher score of tendency of rejecting,and punishment.Logistic regression showed the risk factors of schizophrenia were high conflict and lower-level control of family members,parental lower warmth and understanding,the father's over laden intervention and rejecting.Conclusions: Incorrect family environment and parental rearing style might play an important role in the development of schizophrenia.