婴幼儿血铅水平与出生前后铅暴露关系的队列研究

[目的]了解婴幼儿血铅水平与出生前后铅暴露的关系,为防治和减轻铅暴露对婴幼儿的不利影响提供科学依据。[方法]采用前瞻性队列研究的方法,在环境铅污染区建立新婚夫妇研究队列,分别在女方怀孕前、孕中期、分娩时以及子代婴幼儿期采集血样,并用石墨炉原子吸收法测定血铅水平;纵向分析出生前后铅暴露对婴幼儿血铅水平的影响。[结果]基线血铅明显高于孕中血铅和脐带血铅,且孕中血铅、脐带血铅与基线血铅高度相关(P<0.01);婴幼儿血铅要明显高于母亲基线血铅、孕中血铅和脐带血铅(P<0.01),且婴幼儿血铅与母亲基线血和脐带血血铅均呈正相关,但差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。[结论]婴幼儿血铅水平与出生前宫内暴露和出生后环境暴露均有关,但与后者关系可能更密切。

Cohort study of relationship between infants blood lead levels and antenatal and postnatal lead exposure

[Objective] To explore relationship between infants blood lead levels and antenatal and postnatal lead exposure. [Methods] Prospective cohort study was followed-up among the newly-wedding couples living in lead polluting area. Meanwhile, contents of lead were determined in baseline blood, mid-pregnancy blood, umbilical cord blood, infants blood with atomic absorption spectrophotometry. [Results] Baseline blood lead levels were higher than those of mid-pregnancy blood and umbilical cord blood lead level, and were correlated with each others. Infants blood lead levels were higher than those of baseline blood, mid-pregnancy blood and umbilical cord blood lead levels. Infants blood lead levels were positive correlated with baseline blood and umbilical cord blood lead levels,but had not significance. [Conclusion] Infants blood lead levels were associated with antenatal and postnatal lead exposure, but postnatal lead exposure was closer.