IL-33/ST2信号与Treg在免疫性疾病中的研究进展

白细胞介素-33(interleukin-33,IL-33)作为白细胞介素-1(interleukin-1,IL-1)家族的成员,是由受损或坏死的屏障细胞(内皮细胞和上皮细胞)释放的内源性细胞因子。IL-33信号转导依赖于特异性受体生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(growth stimulation expressed gene 2,ST2)的识别和相互作用,ST2主要表达于免疫细胞。IL-33通过靶向T H2细胞、肥大细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、2型先天性淋巴细胞(2 innate lymphoid cells,ILC2)调控2型免疫反应,也可以通过CD8+T细胞、天然杀伤细胞(natural killer cell,NK)和树突状细胞调控1型免疫反应。最近研究发现,IL-33/ST2信号转导影响调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell,Treg)在外周的动态平衡、表型多样性和功能。Treg是建立和维持免疫自身耐受所必需的,因此,研究IL-33/ST2信号在Treg生物学中的作用对免疫性疾病治疗具有重要意义。该文讨论IL-33/ST2信号对Treg的不同影响,以期为肿瘤、炎症和自身免疫病的诊疗提供参考。

The relationship between IL-33/ST2 and Treg and its research progress in immune diseases

Interleukin-33 (IL-33), as a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family, is an endogenous cytokine released by damaged or necrotic barrier cells (endothelial cells and epithelial cells). IL-33 signal transduction depends on the recognition and interaction of specific receptor growth stimulating gene 2 protein (ST2), which is mainly expressed in immune cells. IL-33 regulates type 2 immune response by targeting Th2 cells, mast cells, eosinophils, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), and type 1 immune response through CD8+T, NK, and DCs cells. Recent studies have shown that IL-33/ST2 signal transduction affects peripheral dynamic balance, phenotypic diversity, and function of regulatory T cells (Treg). Since Treg is necessary to establish and maintain immune tolerance, it is of great significance to study the role of IL-33/ST2 signal in Treg biology for the treatment of immune diseases. This review discusses the different effects of IL-33/ST2 signal on Treg, to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases.