肺结核患者T辅助细胞NKT细胞水平与疾病发展的关系研究

目的 探讨肺结核患者T辅助细胞、NKT细胞水平与疾病发展的关系。方法 采用流式细胞仪对陕西省榆林市星元医院2012～2014年收治的129例肺结核患者（初治肺结核患者85例，复治肺结核患者44例）与30名健康志愿者的外周血中T辅助细胞、NKT细胞的表达率进行检测。初治患者接受治疗1年后，比较分析T辅助细胞、NKT细胞水平。结果 初治肺结核患者Th2细胞含量显著高于健康志愿者（P<0.05），Th1细胞则显著低于健康志愿者（P<0.05）。复治肺结核患者体内T辅助细胞的表达量显著高于初治肺结核患者（P<0.05）；而初治、复治肺结核患者的NKT细胞表达水平差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。T辅助细胞在不同程度初治肺结核患者中表达率不同，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），患者病情越重，T辅助细胞表达率越高。不同程度初治肺结核患者的NKT细胞表达水平差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。患者治疗后的T辅助细胞与NKT细胞表达水平与治疗前相比，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 NKT细胞可以有助于肺结核疾病的判断，但对于不同类型及严重程度的结核病判断需要T辅助细胞的检测。

Study on the relations between Th cells, NKT cells of tuberculosis patients and disease development

Objective To explore the relations between Th cells, NKT cells of tuberculosis patients and disease development. Methods Percentages of Th cells, NKT cells in peripheral whole blood samples from 129 tuberculosis patients (85 first-treated TB patients and 44 retreated TB patients) 30 healthyvolunteers were analyzed by flow cytometry. The patients and healthy volunteers were all selected from 2012 to 2014 in Xingyuan Hospital of Yulin City inShaanxi Province. Andthe level of Th cells and NKT cells infirst-treated TB patients who completed the 1-year treatment were tested.Results Percentage of Th2 cells in first-treated TB patients was significantly higher than those of health volunteers (P<0.05); and the percentage of Th1 cells was significantly lower than those of health volunteers (P<0.05).Percentage of Thcells inretreated TB patients were significantly increased than that in first-treated TB patients (P<0.05), but percentages of NKT cells were withoutsignificant difference between first-treated TB patients and retreated TB patients (P>0.05). And there was a significant difference in the percentage of Th cells according to severity of disease (P<0.05).Additionally, the patients with more severe disease, the percentages of Th cells were much higher.Butthe percentages of NKT cells werewithout significant difference among these groups (P>0.05). Comparing with the TB patientsbefore treatment, there was a significant difference in the percentage of Th cells and NKT cellsafter the treatment (P<0.05).Conclusions NKT cells can help determine TB disease, but for different types and severity of tuberculosis judge needs to detect Th cells.