A new approach to mechanical simulation of lung behaviour: Pressure-controlled and time-related piston movement |
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Authors: | Dr A F M Verbraak P R Rijnbeek J E W Beneken J M Bogaard A Versprille |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;(2) Department of Medical Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | A mechanical lung simulator is described (an extension of a previous mechanical simulator) which simulates normal breathing
and artificial ventilation in patients. The extended integration of hardware and software offers many new possibilities and
advantages over the former simulator. The properties of components which simulate elastance and airway resistance of the lung
are defined in software rather than by the mechanical properties of the components alone. Therefore, a more flexible simulation
of non-linear behaviour and the cross-over effects of lung properties is obtained. Furthermore, the range of lung compliance
is extended to simulate patients with emphysema. The dependency of airway resistance on lung recoil pressure and transmural
pressure of the airways can also be simulated. The new approach enables one to incorporate time-related mechanics such as
the influence of lung viscosity or cardiac oscillation. The different relations defined in the software can be changed from
breath to breath.
Three simulations are presented: (1) computer-controlled expiration in the artificially ventilated lung; (2) simulation of
normal breathing; and (3) simulation of viscoelastance and cardiac influences during artificial ventilation. The mechanical
simulator provides a reproducible and flexible environment for testing new software and equipment in the lung function laboratory
and in intensive care, and can be used for instruction and training. |
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Keywords: | Lung simulator Computer controlled Simulation Modelling Viscosity |
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