In vitro phagocytosis of Giardia duodenalis cysts by hemocytes of the Asian freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea |
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| Authors: | Thaddeus K. Graczyk Michael R. Cranfield David Bruce Conn |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA Tel.: (410) 614-4984; Fax: (410) 955-0105; e-mail: tgraczyk@phnet.sph.jhu.edu, TP;(2) Medical Department, The Baltimore Zoo, Baltimore, MD 21217, USA, TP;(3) Division of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 212053, USA, TP;(4) School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Berry College, Mount Berry, GA 30149, USA, US |
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| Abstract: | Hemocytes of the Asian freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea, phagocytosed in vitro infectious Giardia duodenalis cysts. After 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min of incubation an average of 22%, 32%, 43%, 54%, and 72% of the cysts were phagocytosed by 22%, 55%, 63%, 81%, and 86% of the hemocytes, respectively. The number of hemocytes showing phagocytosis and the mean number of cysts ingested per hemocyte increased␣significantly over time (P < 0.01); the numbers of nonphagocytosed cysts significantly decreased (P < 0.02). Extrapolation reveals that C. fluminea can retain by phagocytosis an average of 1.6 × 106 G. duodenalis cysts/ml hemolymph. The phagocytic capacity of C. fluminea hemocytes indicates the applicability of this freshwater benthic bivalve for bioindication of contamination of waste waters and agricultural drainage with Giardia cysts. Received: 28 March 1997 / Accepted: 6 June 1997 |
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