补充铁剂对上海育龄妇女缺铁性贫血改善效果研究

目的了解缺铁性贫血育龄妇女补充铁剂的效果,探讨维持育龄妇女正常铁营养状况的总铁摄入量。方法招募贫血的育龄妇女74名,年龄21～45岁,按血红蛋白随机分成干预组和对照组,每日分别口服一包铁营养包(主要成分为焦磷酸铁和富马酸亚铁,含铁元素8mg)和安慰剂,连续服用6个月观察效果。干预前、3个月及6个月后两组均进行缺铁性贫血相关指标检查、膳食频率调查及24 h膳食回顾调查。结果干预6个月后干预组血红蛋白和血清铁蛋白均显著高于对照组(P<0.01),干预组和对照组血红蛋白值达标人数分别为15人(44.1%)和5人(14.3%),P<0.01;血清铁蛋白达标人数分别为11人(35.5%)和4人(12.1%),P<0.05。膳食铁的平均摄入量为14.0mg/d。总铁摄入量(膳食铁加补充的铁)与血红蛋白值的改变呈正相关(r=0.57,P﹤0.01)。膳食纤维摄入多和月经量多则是危险因素(P<0.05)。结论连续6个月每日补充8mg铁能有效改善育龄妇女缺铁性贫血,育龄妇女每日摄入23.2mg铁可维持正常铁储存状况。

Effect of iron supplementation on iron deficiency anemia of childbearing age women in Shanghai

Objective To investigate the effect of iron supplementation on iron deficiency anemia of childbearing age women,and to find out the optimal amount of iron intake for maintaining their health.Methods 74 childbearing age women aged 21 to 45 years with anemia were randomly assigned to intervention or control group by hemoglobin content,and a iron nutrition packet(mainly composed of ferric pyrophosphate and ferrous fumarate,containing iron 8 mg) or a placebo packet was given daily for six months,respectively.Hemoglobin,serum ferritin,food frequency and 24h dietary recall survey were performed before intervention and three and six months after intervention.Results Hemoglobin and serum ferritin of the intervention group were significantly higher(P<0.01) than that in control group after six months.The number of women with hemoglobin ≥120 g/L in intervention and control group was 15(44.1%) and 5(14.3%),respectively(P<0.01).The number of women with serum ferritin≥15μ g/L in intervention and control group was 11(34.4%) and 4(12.5%),respectively(P<0.05).The average dietary iron intake was 14.0mg/d,mainly from plant foods.There was a positive correlation of total iron intake(dietary iron plus iron supplements) with hemoglobin(r = 0.57,P<0.01).More menstrual blood and dietary fiber were the risk factors for iron deficiency anemia(P<0.05).Conclusion The anemic status in childbearing age women could be improved by providing iron 8 mg daily for six months consecutively.Daily dietary intake of iron 23.2mg can meet the requirement of maintaining normal iron storage for childbearing age women.