氯胺酮超前镇痛对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后疼痛的临床观察

目的 探讨氯胺酮在腹腔镜胆囊切除术后的超前镇痛作用. 方法将2006年7～8月,40例择期腹腔镜胆囊切除术按随机数字表法分为2组（每组20例）：氯胺酮组和对照组.对术后1、2、4、6、12 h及术后1、2、3 d切口痛及非切口痛分别进行VAS镇痛评分和术后镇静评分,记录术后不良反应及术后止痛药的需求情况. 结果 术后非切口痛及切口痛,氯胺酮组VAS评分较对照组显著降低（F=22.805, P=0.000;F=18.109, P=0.000）.术后恶心、呕吐发生率氯胺酮组（55%）和对照组（60%）相比无明显差异（P=1.000）;术后需要止痛药氯胺酮组3例,对照组9例,2组无统计学差异（P=0.082）. 结论在腹腔镜胆囊切除手术前应用氯胺酮能减轻术后疼痛,具有超前镇痛作用,但不能降低术后恶心、呕吐发生率.

Preventive Analgesic effect of Preoperative Ketamine in Relieving Postoperative Pain after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Objective To investigate the effects of ketamine in relieving postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods Forty patients undergoing selective LC from July to August 2006 were randomly divided into ketamine group and control group,with 20 patients in each group.Incision pain and non-incision pain was assessed at 1,2,4,6,12,24 h and once each day for the first 3 days postoperatively with visual analogue pain scale(VAS)and sedation scale.Adverse effects and analgesic requirements were recorded.Results Patients in ketamine group had significantly lower scores in incision pain and non-incision pain compared with those of control group(F=22.805,P =0.000;F=18.109,P=0.000).Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was not significantly different(P=1.000)between ketamine(55%)and control group(60%).No significant difference was noticed in analgesic requirements between ketamine group(3 cases)and control group(9 cases)(P=0.082).Conclusions Preoperative administration of ketamine significantly improves postoperative analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy,but does not reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.