白头翁总皂苷提取物的基本理化性质考察

目的： 检测白头翁总皂苷提取物的表观溶解度、表观油水分配系数及其在体外胃肠液中的稳定性。 方法： 以白头翁皂苷类成分（B₃，B_D，B₇）为指标，采用饱和法测定表观溶解度，摇瓶法测定油水分配系数，考察白头翁总皂苷提取物在体外胃肠液中的稳定性。采用ELSD-HPLC测定指标成分含量，流动相甲醇（A）-水（B）梯度洗脱（0~28 min，25%~10%B）。 结果： 3种白头翁皂苷类成分中B₇的溶解能力最强。白头翁总皂苷提取物在不同pH缓冲液中油水分配系数均很小。指标成分在胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶环境较稳定，RSD均<5%。 结论： 白头翁总皂苷提取物在弱碱性环境中溶解能力最强。白头翁皂苷类成分的亲脂性较弱，较难通过肠壁的脂质膜与水性层吸收进入体内。白头翁总皂苷在体外胃肠液环境中较稳定。

Investigation of Physicochemical Properties of Total Saponins from Pulsatillae Radix

Objective: To determine apparent solubility and oil-water partition coefficients of total saponins from Pulsatillae Radix,then investigate its stability in vitro gastrointestinal fluid. Method: Taking saponins(B₃,B_D,B₇) from Pulsatillae Radix as index,apparent solubilities of three kinds of components were determined by saturation method and a shake flask method was established to determine oil-water partition coefficients,stability of total saponins in vitro gastrointestinal fluid was investigated.ELSD-HPLC was adopted to determine contents of index components with mobile phase of methanol(A)-water(B) for gradient elution(0-28 min,25%-10%B). Result: B₇ had the best apparent solubility in these three kinds of components.Oil-water apparent partition coefficients of three kinds of component in different pH were very low.RSD of stability of index components in vitro gastrointestinal fluid was less than 5%. Conclusion: Dissolving ability of total saponins from Pulsatillae Radix in weak alkaline environment was the highest.Lipophilicity of total saponins was weak,so it was difficult to absorb into body through intestinal wall of lipid membrane and water layer.Total saponins from Pulsatillae Radix in vitro gastrointestinal fluid was stable.