帕金森病患者步态测量与定量分析

摘要目的：提取帕金森病患者步态运动学和时空参数，通过实验分析找到可以作为步态量化评估的特征参数，为医生提供康复评估的依据。方法：本文采用基于刚体的虚拟标识点方法在受试者下肢解剖学关键点设置标识点获取其步态信息。受试者被分为开机组(DBS ON)，关机组(DBS OFF)和对照组(Control)，运动捕捉仪记录受试者多个步态周期的虚拟标识点三维坐标。提取包括关节角度、支撑相比率、双支撑相比率、步态周期时间、步频、步长和步速等在内的步态运动学及时空参数。对三组步态特征参数进行单因素一元方差分析。结果：各组间下肢各关节角度变化范围、支撑相比率、双支撑相比率、步长和步速差异均有显著性(P<0.01)，且随受试者症状的减轻，关节角度变化范围、步长和步速有显著递增趋势 (DBS OFFDBS ON>Control)。结论：基于刚体的虚拟标识点可以准确测量人体步态。提取出的关节角度变化范围、支撑相比率、双支撑相比率，步长和步速均可作为帕金森病患者康复评估的依据。

Gait measurement and quantitative analysis in patients with Parkinson disease

AbstractObjective: To extract the gait kinematics parameters and spatio-temporal parameters of patients with Parkinson disease, to find the characteristic parameters as the guidance of rehabilitation assessment for doctors.Method: A method of image markers based on rigid body was introduced to obtain the gait data. Participants were divided into groups of three different status:DBS ON, DBS OFF and Controls,and the subjects' gaits were recorded by a motion capture instruments. Gait kinematics and spatiotemporal parameters including joints angle,stance time ratio,double support time ratio, gait cycle time,cadence,stride length,gait velocity were extracted.Result: One-way analysis of variance of gait parameters showed joints angle rotation range, stance time ratio, double support time ratio, gait cycle time, stride length, and stride velocity all had significant difference(P<0.01), and as the symptom relief, the value of joints angle rotation range, gait cycle time, stride length, and stride velocity became higher (DBS OFFDBS ON>Controls).Conclusion: Analysis based on experiments showed that the method proposed here was an effective way to measure gait parameters, which could be used in patients with Parkinson disease for quantitative rehabilitation assessment. The value of extracted parameters could be the quantitative rehabilitation assessment guidance of patients with Parkinson disease.