肺泡巨噬细胞在肺部稳态及感染中的作用研究进展

肺泡巨噬细胞是肺脏中非常重要的免疫细胞。肺泡巨噬细胞不同的来源和极化状态使其在不同状态下发挥截然不同的功能作用。在生理状态下,肺泡巨噬细胞维持肺中低炎的环境和稳态,促进最佳气体交换;在感染期间,它们介导对入侵微生物的免疫应答以消除病原体,并在免疫应答后期及时调整免疫状态以减少组织损伤,但同时也可能导致病原体持续存在。本文综述了肺泡巨噬细胞的起源、极化、在肺部稳态及肺部感染中的作用,以期为从肺泡巨噬细胞层面进行治疗提供更多新的思路。

Research progress of alveolar macrophages in pulmonary homeostasis and infections

Alveolar macrophages(AMs)are important immune cells in the lung.Different sources and polarization states make AMs play diverse functions in varying environment.Under physiological conditions,AMs are responsible for keeping lower levels of inflammation and maintaining homeostasis in the lung,promoting optimal gas exchange.They also mediate an immune response to invade microbes during infection and adjust their immune state in the later stage to reduce tissue damage and restore homeostasis,but may drive pathogen persistence.This review discusses the origin,polarization and functions of AMs in pulmonary homeostasis and infection,so as to provide new ideas for therapeutic strategy targeting at AMs.