北京市朝阳区2005～2006年流感病原学监测分析

目的]分析朝阳区2005~2006年度流感监测的病原学检测结果,及时掌握流感流行信息,为制定流感防制方案提供科学依据。方法]对哨点医院和集体发热疫情进行监测采样,采用细胞培养法和鸡胚接种法分离流感病毒并进行分型鉴定。结果]自2005年11月~2006年4月共采集流感样咽拭子标本204份,检出流感病毒106株,其中甲1型24株,乙型82株,阳性检出率分别为22.6%和77.4%;流感疫情共涉及到本区26家单位,其中从22所小学发热疫情中分离到流感病毒。流感细胞培养法和鸡胚双腔法的阳性分离率分别为51.96%（106/204）和7.55%（4/53）。结论]引起本地区流感疫情的流感病毒为乙型和甲1型;流行高峰主要在2006年3~4月;流感病毒易发生变异,而导致在中小学生人群中流行并引起集体发热;细胞培养法较鸡胚接种法更灵敏、阳性分离率更高;应加强流感的全年监测。

ANALYSIS ON THE RESULTS OF ETIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE OF INFLUENZA IN CHAOYANG DISTRICT OF BEIJING DURING 2005-2006

Objective]To analyze the results of etiological surveillance of influenza during 2005-2006 in Chaoyang District of Beijing,so as to capture the epidemic information of influenza in time and to provide scientific evidence for establishing the systemic program for influenza control and prevention effectively.Methods]All samples were collected form cases that resemble influenza cases in influenza outbreak and sentinel hospital.The influenza virus was isolated by MDCK cell culture method and embryonated egg inoculation method.And the influenza virus was identified by hemagglutination test(HA)and hemagglutination inhibition test(HI).Results]A total of 204 throat swab specimens of influenza-like cases were collected from November,2005 to April,2006.106 strains of influenza viruses were detected,including 82 strains of type B and 24 strains of type A1,the positive detection rate respectively was 77.4% and 22.6%.26 units in Chaoyang District were detected with influenza epidemic,and influenza virus was isolated in 22 primary schools.The positive detection rate of MDCK cell culture method and embryonated egg inoculation method were 51.96% and 7.55%,respectively.Conclusions]Type B influenza virus and type A1 influenza virus are the viruses causing influenza outbreak in Chaoyang District.Majority of influenza outbreak occurred in March and April in 2006.Influenza viruses are easy to be with variation,which leads to collective fever in primary schools.The MDCK cell culture method is more sensitive and has higher positive detection rate of influenza viruses than embryonated egg inoculation method.Surveillance on influenza in the whole year should be strengthened,so as to provide scientific evidence for control and prevention of acute respiratory infection diseases.