东莞市外来青工麻疹的发病危险因素分析

目的探讨东莞市外来青工麻疹发病的危险因素,为有效预防控制麻疹提供科学依据。方法采用1∶1匹配病例对照研究,选取2004-2006年东莞市146例外来青工麻疹患者为病例组,同时从同工作单位或住所相邻选取与病例同性别、年龄差别（0±2）岁的健康外来人员作为对照组,对相关危险因素进行单因素统计分析和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果未接种麻疹疫苗、与麻疹病人接触史、作业环境通风不良、集体住宿、常去人员密集公共场所、来东莞时间短是外来青工麻疹发病的危险因素,OR值分别为6.63、2.74、2.12、3.27、2.64、1.86。结论在外来青工麻疹的防治工作中,提高麻疹疫苗的接种率;改善工作与居住环境的通风状况;避免与麻疹病人接触;疫情流行期间,少去人员密集的公共场所是有效的防控措施。

Analysis of the Risk Factors for Measles in Non-Local Workers in Dongguan

Objective To find out the risk factors for measles in non-local workers in Dongguan city, and to provide scientific evidence for the control and prevention of measles. Methods A 1 ： 1 matched case-control study was conducted to examine the risk factors for measles. 146 cases of measles in non-local workers were studied between 2004 and 2006 in Dongguan city. Subjects of similar background, such as the working department, living environment, sex, age and health conditions were selected as control. The results were analyzed by single and multivariate conditional logistic regression. Results Without receiving measles vaccine immunization, close contact with the infected patients, inadequate ventilation of the working environment, crowding, frequent visit of the public areas, and new comers in Dongguan were the major risk factors of measles. The OR value for these 6 risk factors was 6.63,2.74,2.12,3.27,2.64, 1.86, respectively. Conclusion Increasing measles immunization rate, improving the ventilation of the working and living environment, avoiding a close contact with the patients, and staying away from the public areas during epidemic period are the preventive measures to prevent and control measles outbreak.