新生儿破伤风并发症对预后影响的危险因素分析

目的探讨各种危险因素对新生儿破伤风预后的影响。方法对1998年6月至2006年3月收治的新生儿破伤风104例进行回顾性分析。结果治愈68例（65.4%）,死亡36例（34.6%）。单因素分析结果显示,死亡组发病时间〈7d、窒息、吸入性肺炎、呼吸衰竭、心力衰竭、败血症、脑水肿、硬肿症、酸碱失衡、低体重儿和弥散性血管内凝血的比例明显增多,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析表明,发病时间〈7d、窒息、吸入性肺炎、呼吸衰竭、败血症和低体重儿是影响新生儿破伤风预后的危险因素。结论发病时间〈7d、窒息、吸入性肺炎、呼吸衰竭、败血症和低体重儿是影响新生儿破伤风预后的危险因素,积极防治新生儿破伤风并发症各种危险因素可改善新生儿破伤风的预后,提高抢救治疗成功率。

Analysis of Risk Factors and Prognosis of Neonatal Tetanus

Objective To explore the risk factors for predicting the prognosis of neonatal tetanus （NT）. Methods 104 cases of NT between June 1998 and March 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Results 36 （34.6%） newborn babies were found die of tetanus. Univariate analysis showed that the incubation period of tetanus in these newborn babies was less than 7 days. The association between the occurrence of neonatal asphyxia, aspiration pneumonia, respiratory failure, heart failure, neonatal septicemia, cerebral edema, sclera neonatorum, acid-base imbalance, low birth weight, and disseminated intravascular coagulation （DIC）and the death due to tetanus is significant （P〈0.05）. The risk factors affecting prognosis of NT included an incubation period of less than 7 days, neonatal asphyxia, aspiration pneumonia, respiratory failure, neonatal septicemia and low birth weight of the infants. Conclusion Understanding the risk factors may be helpful in reducing the mortality of NT.