采用现代及历史的地理及气候信息研究黄芪道地产区变迁的胁迫因素

中国药用植物的生物学数据有着2000多年的文字记载，特别是道地药材在传统本草著作中的记载更为详细，为从道地药材产区历史变迁信息角度探讨植物迁徙的环境生态因素提供了丰富的资源。本文通过文献数据、标本信息和基于网络自由上传图片信息的调查挖掘黄芪现代产地分布，使用地理信息系统（GIS）技术分析产地与气候因子的相关性，获知“春旱”是黄芪产区的共同环境因子，并进一步分析与黄芪产地变迁时间节点相对应的古代气候地质灾害状况，明确了“春旱”是黄芪主产区的气候必要条件之一。本文以现代气象数据为依托，结合古代气象资料，通过气象数据分析的方法进行药材道地产区变迁的理论探索，初步得出的结论和使用的方法将有助于中药材道地性的气象学研究。

Investigation on Stress Factors Causing Dao-Di Production Area Change of Astragalus membranaceus Using Current and Historical Geographic and Climatic Information

In China,the biological data of medicinal plants have a lot of written records accumulated by more than 2000 years.In particular,Dao-Di (authentic) herbs were described in more details in the writings of traditional herbal medicine,which would irreplaceable conducive to the study of plant migration.Pattern of current geographic distribution area of Astragalus membranaceus was established by collecting and analyzing the information recorded in published papers,electronic specimens and freely uploaded plant pictures.The correlation between climate factors and geographic production were analyzed by geographic information system (GIS) technique.The GIS results showed that spring drought was the common climate factor in all the production area of A.menbranaceus.Analysis of historical climate change along with the migr ation of A.menbranaceus further confirmed that spring drought was a prerequisite for the growth of A.menbranaceus.In this paper,the current and historical climate data were used to explore the possible reasons of production area change of Chinese medicine with the assistance of textual research based on ancient records of production area change of Chinese medicine.The preliminary obtained conclusions and methods will be helpful for exploring the influence of climate to Dao-Di property of Chinese medicine.