1-氨基-3,5甲基金刚烷盐酸对缺氧缺血损伤新生大鼠脑保护作用的病理研究

目的　通过脑形态学研究和病理量化评分 ,对非竞争性 N-甲基 D-天冬氨酸 ( NMDA)受体拮抗剂 1 -氨基 -3 ,5甲基金刚烷盐酸 [美金胺 ( Memantine) ]的缺氧缺血 ( HI)脑保护效果进行评估。　方法　在自行研制的新生大鼠缺氧实验装置基础上 ,对所建立的新生大鼠脑 HI模型对照应用美金胺 2 0 mg/ kg,并建立病理量化评分标准。　结果　 HI组的病理评分最高 ( 1 3 .3± 5.4 ) ,HI前用药组 ( 5.6± 2 .9,t=5.93 5,P<0 .0 0 1 )和 HI后用药组 ( 7.7± 3 .4 ,t=4 .3 1 4,P<0 .0 0 1 )的病理评分均较HI组明显降低 ,尤其是 HI前用药组的评分更接近于正常对照组 ( 4± 0 )。在 HI前或 HI后应用美金胺均能显著改善新生大鼠 HI后的脑损伤程度 ,尤其 HI前应用美金胺似有更明显的效果。　结论　美金胺对由 NMDA受体所介导的神经细胞兴奋毒作用有一定疗效 ,对于今后治疗新生儿脑缺氧缺血损伤可能具有一定的意义。对美金胺的作用机制以及临床应用的可行性 ,正从细胞和分子水平继续作进一步研究。

Pathological Research of Cerebral Protection of Memantine in Neonatal Rat Models with Hypoxic-ischemia

Objective To investigate the cerebral protection of Memantine in neonatal rats with hypoxic ischemia. Methods Memantine was intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 20 mg/kg in neonatal rats of cerebral hypoxic ischemia (HI). Employing a quantized score system of cerebral pathology for hypoxic ischemia developed, the neuroprotective effect of Memantine was evaluated pathologically. Results There were significantly decreased scores in either PRE group (Memantine was given one hour before HI) or POST group (Memantine was given after HI immediately) comparing to HI group with higher score. Conclusion Memantine can improve cerebral hypoxic ischemic damage significantly, and be potentially valuable for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic ischemic brain damage.