桡动脉与足背动脉的解剖学特点及其临床意义

目的研究桡动脉和足背动脉的直径及管壁厚度,为桡动脉和足背动脉置管以及经桡动脉冠状动脉造影等提供解剖学依据。方法用体视显微镜测量31具尸体62侧桡动脉远侧段和60侧足背动脉的内径(ID)及外径(ED)。结果①桡动脉平桡骨茎突上5cm处断面(SARA)的外径、内径和管壁厚度(WT)分别为(2.33±0.49)mm、(1.31±0.45)mm和(0.51±0.13)mm,与平桡骨茎突处断面(SBRA)比较,SARA小于SBRA(P<0.05)。②足背动脉中点断面(SMDPA)的外径、内径和管壁厚度分别为(2.47±0.49)mm、(1.28±0.50)mm和(0.60±0.16)mm。与近端和远端比较,3组均数差异均有统计学意义。③桡动脉远侧段与足背动脉的内、外径及管壁厚度无侧别差异,但有年龄和性别差异,50岁以上组大于中、青年组,男性管壁厚度大于女性。④SARA和SMDPA的内、外径和管壁厚度有正相关关系。结论:本研究结果对桡动脉和足背动脉穿刺置管术的开展与应用等具有参考价值。

Anatomic characteristics of the radial artery and the dorsalis pedis artery and their clinical significance

Objective To study the diameters and vessel wall thickness of the radial artery and the dorsalis pedis artery and provide anatomic data for radial artery cannulation(RAC) and cannulation of dorsalis pedis artery(CDPA) and radial artery approach for coronary angiography(RAACA).Methods The internal and external diameters(ID & ED) of 62 radial arteries and the 60 dorsalis pedis arteries of 31 cadavers were measured with an eyepiece micrometer under stereoscopic microscope.Results ① The ED was(2.33±0.49)mm,ID was(1.31±0.45)mm,radial artery wall thickness(WT) was(0.51±0.13)mm on the section of radial artery on the level of 5 cm above radius styloid process(SARA),they were separately smaller than those of the section of radial artery on the level of radius styloid process(SBRA)(P<0.05).② At the middle of dorsalis pedis artery(SMDPA),ED was(2.47±0.49) mm,ID was(1.28±0.50) mm and wall thickness(WT) came to(0.60±0.16) mm.Compared with the origin and end,the differences of 3 groups have statistical significance.③ In ID,ED & WT of the dorsalis pedis arteries and the distal part of the radial arteries.No difference was found between the left and the right;but there were discrepancy among different age groups and sexes;the 50-year-olds and above were larger than those of the younger groups;male WT was thicker than its female counterpart.④ There were positive correlation between ID,ED and WT of the SARA and the SMDPA;ID.ED and WT Conclusion The reswts therefore showol be of valnein RAC and CDPA.