Exposure index in digital radiography: initial results of awareness and knowledge from Nigerian digital radiography practices |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Radiography and Radiological Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria;2. Image Optimisation and Perception Group, Discipline of Medical Imaging Science, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NS;1. Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;2. Oupa Steven Motshweneng, Africa Region, International Working Group for Health Systems Strengthening, Cape Town, South Africa;3. Department of Health Technology and Biology, Federal Institute of Bahia, Salvador BA, Brazil;4. Office of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor: Digital Transformation, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria West, Pretoria, South Africa;1. Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Applied Health science, The Hashemite University, Jordan;2. College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Zahraa University for women, Karbala, Iraq;3. Alabdali Hospital, Jordan;4. Jordan Hospital, Jordan;5. Discipline of Radiography School of Medicine, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Ireland;1. UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia;2. Aged Care Centre for Growth and Translational Research, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia;3. Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia;1. Department of Midwifery and Radiography, School of Health & Psychological Sciences, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom.;2. Radiography Department, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu Campus, Accra, Ghana;3. Department of Nuclear Safety and Security, School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, University of Ghana, Atomic Campus, Accra, Ghana, Legon;4. Medical Physics Department, School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, University of Ghana, Atomic Campus, Accra, Ghana;5. Radiation Protection Institute (RPI), Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Accra, Ghana;6. Radiological and Non-ionizing Radiation Directorate, Nuclear Regulatory Authority, Accra, Ghana |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionExposure Index (EI) is incorporated into Digital Radiography (DR) systems to indicate incorrect exposure to enable matching exposure to the desired speed class of operation. However, knowledge of the utilization of EI by radiographers in a low-income country has not been investigated.MethodsA pre-tested questionnaire designed using Google forms, with open and close-ended questions was shared online with radiographers working with DR systems in public and private health facilities in some cities located in southern Nigeria. The 32-item questionnaire had two parts: Part A focused on socio-demographic characteristics and Part B focused on the respondents' awareness and knowledge of EI in DR systems. A 5-point Likert scale with 5 test items was used to assess the respondents' knowledge of EI. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. The probability value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsAbout 8.3% of the respondents had good knowledge of EI in DR systems in spite of the awareness level of 24.7%. The absence of the EI concept in DR curriculum for undergraduates, the lack of EI software in DR systems, and equipment training by the vendor engineers were reasons for the low level of knowledge of EI in DR systems.ConclusionThere is low awareness and knowledge of EI by radiographers in this study, which suggests the need to maximize the benefits of EI concepts by ensuring its integration into clinical radiography practice and curriculum for undergraduates program, to improve knowledge, awareness, and practice in DR. |
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