焦点式心理护理对慢性肾功能衰竭抑郁患者的影响

目的了解慢性肾功能衰竭患者的抑郁状态．探讨对慢性肾功能衰竭患者实施焦点式心理护理的效果。方法采用老年抑郁量表（geriatric depression scale，GDS）对86例住院患者进行调查，按随机数字表法把存在不同程度抑郁状态的73例患者随机分成两组，对照组36例，行常规护理；观察组37例．在常规护理基础上行焦点式心理护理。在焦点式心理护理实施第5、10、14天分别对两组患者进行抑郁评分。并记录两种护理干预后临床症状的缓解情况。结果73例患者存在不同程度的抑郁状态，采用焦点式心理护理干预后GDS评分明显低于干预前，与对照组同期相比GDS评分明显减少，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；观察组干预后患者恶心、呕吐等常见临床症状缓解明显优于对照组。结论慢性肾功能衰竭患者的抑郁症发生率高达84．88％。医护人员和患者家属均应予高度重视并采取积极应对措施，采用焦点式心理护理能减轻、控制慢性肾功能衰竭患者的抑郁状态并缓解常见临床症状，有利患者的治疗和康复。

Effects of Focal Psychological Nursing on the Depression of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

Objective To comprehend the depression status of patients with chronic renal failure, and explore the effects of focal nursing. Methods Eighty-six inpatients were investigated through geriatric depression scale （GDS） and 73 patients with different degree of depression were randomized into the observationalgroup（n= 37） and the control group（n = 36）. Routine nursing was carried out in both groups, while additional focal nursing was practiced in the observational group. The depression scores of the patients in the two groups at the 5th d, 10th d and 14th d and the relief of clinical symptoms after the performance of focal psychological nursing were recorded. Results Seventy-three patients had varied clinical symptoms of depression status. A significant decrease in GDS scores was noted within the observationalgroup as well as between the two groups after focal psychological nursing（P〈0. 05）. The relief ratios of common symptoms such as nausea and vomiting were higher in the observational group than in the control group. Conclusion The incidence of depression in the patients with chronic renal failure was as high as 84.88%,which required full attention and active countermeasures from the medical staff. Focal psychological nursing may relieve and control their depression as well as common symptoms, thus may be beneficial to the treatment and rehabilitation for the patients.