上海市常住居民家庭功能的自我知觉

目的探索上海市常住居民对家庭功能的整体知觉情况以及不同家庭人口数、不同家庭结构、不同收入水平对家庭功能的影响。方法采用家庭功能评定量表（中文版）对分布于上海市11个行政区的176个家庭的460名12岁以上成员进行问卷调查。结果家庭功能各维度得分由低到高依次为：问题解决（2．06±0．33）分、总体功能（2．094±0．36）分、沟通（2．21±0．33）分、情感卷入（2．30±0．37）分、行为控制（2．34±0.28）分、情感反应（2．36±0．38）分、角色分工（2．40±0．24）分。不同人口数的家庭，在角色分工、行为控制两个功能维度上差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；核心家庭中，独生子女家庭在家庭总体功能上与多子女家庭存在差异；有子女家庭中，二代户家庭（核心家庭和单亲家庭）在沟通维度上与三代同堂大家庭的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；人均月收入3000元及以上的家庭在问题解决维度上得分低于其他各组（P〈0．01），2000～2999元的家庭在沟通维度上得分明显高于1000～1999元、3000元及以上组（P〈0．01），而人均月收入在1000元以下的家庭除了问题解决维度外的其他各维度得分与中、高收入组差异无统计学意义。结论上海市常住居民家庭在问题解决、家庭总体功能方面表现较佳，而在家庭角色分工、情感反应方面表现相对较差；三代同堂、人口数较多的大家庭更能有效发挥理想的家庭功能，不同收入水平对家庭功能各维度的影响不尽相同。

Self-perception of Current Family Function for the Permanent Residents in Shanghai

Objective To investigate the global perception status on family function of the permanent residents in Shanghai and find the impact of family size, structure and per-capita income on the family function. Methods A total of 460 people of twelve and over from 176 families all over the 11 districts in Shanghai were selected and i scores of all dimens （PS） （2.06±0.33） nvestigated ions of the ,general fu with the family assessment device（FAD,Chinese edition）. Results The seven subscales of FAD were from low to high as follows：problem solving nctioning（GF） （ 2.09 ± 0.36 ）, communication（CM） （ 2.21 ± 0.33 ）, affective involvement（AI）（2. 30 ±0. 37）, behavior control （BC） （2. 34 ± 0. 28）, affective response（AR） （2. 36± 0.38）,roles（RI.）（2.40±0.24）. There were significant differences in subscale BC and BC of different size families（P〈0. 05）;Of core families,differences were observed between one-child families and multiplechild families;Of families with children, significant differences in subscale of CM were determined between the families of second generation（nuclear families and single parent families） and extended families with three generations（P〈0.05） ;the subjects from the families with per-capita incomes of 3000RMB and more obtained significantly lower scores in subscale of PS than those in the other groups（P〈0.01）;Those from the families with per-capita incomes of 2000-2999 RMB acquired significantly scores in subscale of CM than those from the families with per-capita incomes of 1000-1999 RMB and 3000 RMB and more（P-0.01） ; No significant differences in the scores of all subscales except PS were observed between the families with per-capita incomes under 1000 RMB and the median income group or high income group Conclusion The permanent residents performed better in PS and GF and relatively poorly in RL and AR. The multi-generation and bigger size families enjoyed more positive family functions. The impact of family＇s income showed varying features in different subscale on family function.