单切口手术治疗儿童先天性肌性斜颈疗效观察

目的探讨儿童先天性肌性斜颈（CMT）单切121手术治疗的疗效。方法选2002年7月至2011年3月CMT患儿176例，年龄10个月-15岁，中位年龄4．8岁。右侧112例，左侧64例。所有患儿均行单切口胸锁乳突肌起点锁骨头及胸骨头松解，术后早期功能锻炼同时结合枕颌牵引。佩戴颈托或支具保持颈部在矫枉过正姿势。结果术后随访1～7．5年，中位随访时间为4．2年。所有患儿术后外观及颈部活动受限明显改善，斜视和面部发育异常逐步近于正常，优良率达96．0％（169／176）。结论CMT患儿无论年龄大小，只要严格掌握手术适应证，采用单切口手术治疗配合术后积极的康复锻炼可获得满意的疗效。

Effect of single-incision surgery on children with congenital muscular torticollis

Objective To explore the effect of single-incision treatment for children with congenital muscular torticollis. Methods From July 2002 to March 2011, 176 children with congenital muscular torticollis （ ages from 10 months to 15 years old, an average of 4.8 years ） were selected. All patients underwent singleincision release on the clavicular head and sternal head of sternocleidomastoid, and took postoperative functional exercise early and received the pillow jaw traction at the same time. All children wore a neck collar or brace to keep the neck in an overkill posture. Results The patients were followed up from 1.0 to 7.5 years with an average of 4. 2 years. The postoperative appearance and the neck activity were improved significantly; strabismus and facial developmental abnormalities gradually got back to normal with a good rate of 96.0% （169/176）. Conclusion For the children with congenital muscular torticollis, the use of single-incision surgery and postoperative active rehabilitation exercises would achieve good outcomes.