Recurrent first trimester pregnancy loss is associated with uterine septum but not with bicornuate uterus

OBJECTIVE: Determine the relative frequency of having a uterine septum or bicornuate uterus in women presenting with first trimester recurrent pregnancy loss and a divided uterine cavity by hysterosalpingography (HSG) or hysteroscopy. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of the frequency of a uterine septum or a bicornuate uterus in all patients undergoing surgery (laparoscopy and hysteroscopy) with the clinical presentation of recurrent pregnancy loss and a divided uterine cavity between January 1995 and October 2002. SETTING: An academic medical center. PATIENT(S): Thirty-five consecutive, premenopausal women with a divided uterine cavity on preoperative HSG or hysteroscopy. INTERVENTION(S): Diagnostic laparoscopy and diagnostic hysteroscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE (S): A fused uterine fundus at laparoscopy indicating a uterine septum. RESULT(S): All 35 patients had a uterine septum. CONCLUSION(S): When presenting with recurrent first trimester pregnancy loss and a divided uterine cavity by HSG or hysteroscopy, virtually all the women have a uterine septum.