2008-2012年山东省乡村两级卫生人力资源现状及对策分析

目的 回顾分析山东省近5年（2008-2012年）的乡村两级卫生人力资源的现状及其存在的问题,并有针对性地提出建议.方法 通过查阅文献、年鉴和数据分析等方法进行研究.结果 山东省乡村两级卫生人力资源总量优于全国平均水平,护士数量增长较快,但医护比例仍亟需改善;卫生技术人员学历、技术水平普遍较低,全科医生有待发展;农村卫生人员执业程度低,执业（助理）医师数量比重少,新鲜力量注入较少.结论 推进医护比例优化,注重医护质量的提高;引导高等医学人才流向基层,优化基层卫生人员的结构;发展高等全科医学教育;加强农村卫生人员的继续教育与科学管理工作.

Situation and Countermeasure Analysis of Human Resources in Health Service at Township and Countryside Level in Shandong from 2008 to 2012

OBJECTIVE To retrospectively describe and analyze the features and changing trend of health human resources at township and countryside level in Shandong Province from 2008 to 2012 and compare with those at provincial and national level, then to put forward some suggestions for future. METHODS Data was extracted from national and provincial health statistica yearbooks and was analyzed by Excel 2003 and 19.0 Version SPSS Software. RESULTS Human resource in health at countryside level was better on average than that at the national level; the number of nurses had a rapid growth, but the doctor-nurse ratio remained low. Educational and technical level of the health personnel was low in general, and especially general physicians were needed. The licensed level of health personnel was low in rural areas where the proportion of licensed（assistant） doctors was small. CONCLUSION It is suggested that the doctor-nurse ratio and quality of health technical personnel be improved. Measures should be taken to attract health human resource especially advanced physicians working in rural areas. High education in General Practice, the continuing education of health personnel and scientific management for rural areas are recommended to change the current situation in Shandong.