A procedure for image enhancement in chromosome painting

An image enhancement procedure was developed to produce high-contrast chromosome paint images. This procedure is well suited for images where brightness–contrast enhancement is subjective. Three examples are given to show that the procedure is very efficient to remove non-specific hybridization signals from the chromosome paint image. Chromosomes of roe deer contain large amounts of centromeric heterochromatic DNA. Echidna chromosomes show specific heterochromatic DNA distributed over several chromosomes. In both cases chromosome identification was hampered by bright heterochromatic regions. The enhancement tool was fully used in cross-species chromosome painting, which is the last example. The three examples show that the procedure is very simple to use and removes background in a controlled and defined manner.