江西省10254例乳腺癌普查资料分析

目的调查江西省乳腺癌的发病率,乳腺癌发生的危险因素及普查对乳腺癌早期发现的作用。方法采用调查表、体检、乳腺钼靶X线、乳腺多普勒超对江西省10254名妇女进行乳腺癌普查,比较普查发现乳腺癌与门诊发现的乳腺癌的临床病理特点。结果体检、乳腺钼靶X线和多普勒超声联合方法进行乳腺癌普查具有较高的准确性,普查组发现13例乳腺癌（检出率为126.8/10万）,好发年龄段为40～49岁,乳腺癌的高危因素还包括乳腺癌家族史、未生育、月经初潮小于12岁、未哺乳、高脂饮食、饮酒、乳腺疾病史。普查发现的乳腺癌早期比率显著高于门诊组。结论体检、乳腺钼靶X线和多普勒超声联合方法是乳腺癌普查的有效手段,普查可以发现更多的早期乳腺癌,对高危因素进行干预可能减少乳腺癌发生。

A Report of Screening on Breast Cancer of 10 254 Women in Jiangxi Province

Objective To investigate the incidence rate of breast cancer in Jiangxi Province, risk factor of breast cancer and significance of screening for breast cancer. Methods A screening was operated on 10 254 women in Jiangxi Province by questionnaire, physical examination, ultrasound and mammography. Patient characteristics were analyzed in the screening group and the clinic service group. Results The combination of physical examination,ultrasound and mammography achieved high accuracy of diagnosis for breast cancer. In this screening, 13 cases of breast cancer were found and there is a 126.8/100 000 detect rate. The highest morbidity was in women aged from 40 to 49. The incidence of breast cancer was also related with family history of breast cancer, no procreation, menarche younger than 12, no lactation, high fat diet, drinking, history of breast disease. In additional, the rate of early breast cancer in screening group was higher than in clinic service group. Conclusion The combination of physical examination, ultrasound and mammography is an effective method of screening for breast cancer. Screening for breast cancer can resulted in diagnosis of much earlier cancers. Interference of risk factor may be important to reduce breast cancer.